Redox-flow battery with four-channel architecture for continuous and efficient desalination over a wide salinity working range

Redox-Mediated Electrodialysis for Desalination, Environmental Remediation, and Resource Recovery

“…Following the initial study, a majority of redox-ED investigations have been dedicated to brackish water desalination. Enhancements in performance metrics such as energy consumption, salt removal rate, and charge efficiency have been achieved through the electrode modifications, ,, selection of redox species, ,, and the optimization of system architectures and operating conditions. , Through the combination of material and system advancements, the redox-ED platform has become a competitive technology in brackish water desalination compared to conventional desalination methods.…”

Insights into desalination battery concepts: current challenges and future perspectives

“…[Fe(CN) 6 ] 4− /[Fe(CN) 6 ] 3− , 68,102,103,172,173 [Fe(CN) 6 ] 4−/3 /[BTMAP-Fc] 2+/3+ , 104 and FMN-Na 2 /FMN-Na. 174…”

“…, 69 TEMPO/TEMPO + , 105 TEMPOL/TEMPOL + , 67 MV + /MV 2+ , 106 [Fe(CN) 6 ] 4À /[Fe(CN) 6 ] 3À , 68,102,103,172,173 [Fe(CN) 6 ] 4À/3 / [BTMAP-Fc] 2+/3+ , 104 and FMN-Na 2 /FMN-Na. 174 Recently, a continuous desalination cell based on a dual-Zn device was demonstrated.…”

A Redox-Electrodialysis Model with Zero Fitting Parameters: Insights into Process Limitations, Design, and Material Interventions

“…[7] Second, the cost of electrodes can be significantly reduced by using carbon instead of expensive mixed metal oxides (e.g., RuOx and IrOx) and decreasing energy demands, which is enabled by facile electrode reactions (Figure 1). [6,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Figure 1. A diagram of a redox-electrodialysis cell using a ferro/ferricyanide redox couple.…”