Redox imbalance in COVID-19 pathophysiology

Majumder, Nairrita; Deepak, Vishal; Hadique, Sarah; Aesoph, Drake; Murugesan, V.; Ye, Qing; Mazumder, Md Habibul Hasan; Lewis, Sara E.; Kodali, Vamsi; Roohollahi, A.; Guo, Nancy Lan; Hu, Gangqing; Khramtsov, Valery V.; Johnson, Richard J.; Wen, Sijin; Kelley, Eric E.; Hussain, Salik

doi:10.1016/j.redox.2022.102465

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…1-hydroxy-3-carboxymethyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-pyrrolidine (CMH) (Enzo Life Science, Farmingdale, NY) was comparable to that described by Majumdar et al and Velayutham et al25,26 Serum (0.1 mL) was incubated with CMH at 37°C for 30 min (0.2 mM).Serum oxidants oxidize CMH (EPR inactive) to 3-carboxymethyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidinyloxy radical (CM; EPR active). After incubation, samples were frozen and stored at −80°C.…”

supporting

confidence: 74%

“…Serum samples isolated from blood collected at euthanasia from infected ( n = 6) versus noninfected groups ( n = 6) were frozen and stored at −80°C. Our approach for measuring the oxidizing potential of rat serum samples using EPR spectrometry and the spin probe 1‐hydroxy‐3‐carboxymethyl‐2,2,5,5‐tetramethyl‐pyrrolidine (CMH) (Enzo Life Science, Farmingdale, NY) was comparable to that described by Majumdar et al and Velayutham et al 25,26 Serum (0.1 mL) was incubated with CMH at 37°C for 30 min (0.2 mM). Serum oxidants oxidize CMH (EPR inactive) to 3‐carboxymethyl‐2,2,5,5‐tetramethylpyrrolidinyloxy radical (CM; EPR active).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A pilot study of mitochondrial response to an in vivo prosthetic joint Staphylococcus aureus infection model

Bouji,

Meadows,

Hollander

et al. 2023

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Prosthetic joint infections (PJI) are associated with orthopaedic morbidity and mortality. Mitochondria, the “cell's powerhouses,” are thought to play crucial roles in infection response and in increased risk of sepsis mortality. No current research discusses PJI's effect on mitochondrial function and a lack of understanding of immune‐infection interactions potentially hinders patient care. The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the impact of simulated PJI on local tissue mitochondrial function. Using an established prosthetic implant‐associated in vivo model, tissues were harvested from the surgical limb of a methicillin‐sensitive Staphylococcus aureus implant‐associated infection group (n = 6) and compared to a noninfected group (n = 6) at postoperative day (POD) 21. Using mitochondrial coupling assays, oxygen consumption rate and extracellular acidification rate were assessed in each group. Electron flow through mitochondrial complexes reflected group activity. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectrometry measured the oxidizing potential of serum samples from infected versus noninfected groups. On POD21, colony‐forming units per gram of tissue showed 5 × 109 in the infected group and 101 in the noninfected group (p < 0.0001). Maximal respiration and oxygen consumption due to adenosine triphosphate synthesis were significantly lower in isolated mitochondria from infected limbs (p = 0.04). Both groups had similar complex I, III, IV, and V activity (p > 0.1). Infected group EPR signal intensity reflecting reactive oxygen species levels was 1.31 ± 0.30 compared to 1.16 ± 0.28 (p = 0.73) in the noninfected group. This study highlights PJI's role in mammalian cell mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative tissue damage, which can help develop interventions to combat PJI.

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supporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A pilot study of mitochondrial response to an in vivo prosthetic joint Staphylococcus aureus infection model

Bouji,

Meadows,

Hollander

et al. 2023

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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“…Oxidative stress in SARS-CoV-2 infection (especially in severe cases) also exhibits damaging effects on the organism similar to those seen in influenza virus infection. A study by Nairrita et al [ 81 ]. demonstrated significant redox imbalance in subjects with COVID-19.…”

Section: Etiological Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Etiology, Pathogenesis, Vaccinal and Antiviral Drug Development between Influenza and COVID-19

Luo

Zhang

Song

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Influenza virus and coronavirus, two kinds of pathogens that exist widely in nature, are common emerging pathogens that cause respiratory tract infections in humans. In December 2019, a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 emerged, causing a severe respiratory infection named COVID-19 in humans, and raising a global pandemic which has persisted in the world for almost three years. Influenza virus, a seasonally circulating respiratory pathogen, has caused four global pandemics in humans since 1918 by the emergence of novel variants. Studies have shown that there are certain similarities in transmission mode and pathogenesis between influenza and COVID-19, and vaccination and antiviral drugs are considered to have positive roles as well as several limitations in the prevention and control of both diseases. Comparative understandings would be helpful to the prevention and control of these diseases. Here, we review the study progress in the etiology, pathogenesis, vaccine and antiviral drug development for the two diseases.

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“…Redox-dependent changes are implicated in different aspects of viral infections, at the level of viral replication 1,2 and pathogenesis, particularly of respiratory viruses. [3][4][5][6][7] It is now appreciated that oxidative stress, historically defined as an imbalance between the production of oxidant species, mainly reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS, RNS), and antioxidant systems of the cell, leads to disruption of redox signaling. 8 Several groups, including ours, have reported overproduction of ROS and impairment of antioxidant defenses, such as reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, during influenza virus infection; of note, perturbation of redox-sensitive pathways, including the immune ones, favors influenza virus replication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Redox‐dependent changes are implicated in different aspects of viral infections, at the level of viral replication 1,2 and pathogenesis, particularly of respiratory viruses 3–7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influenza virus replication is affected by glutaredoxin1‐mediated protein deglutathionylation

et al. 2022

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Redox imbalance in COVID-19 pathophysiology

Cited by 14 publications

References 101 publications

A pilot study of mitochondrial response to an in vivo prosthetic joint Staphylococcus aureus infection model

A pilot study of mitochondrial response to an in vivo prosthetic joint Staphylococcus aureus infection model

A Comparison of Etiology, Pathogenesis, Vaccinal and Antiviral Drug Development between Influenza and COVID-19

Influenza virus replication is affected by glutaredoxin1‐mediated protein deglutathionylation

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