Redshifting of cosmological black bodies in Bekenstein-Sandvik-Barrow-Magueijo varying-alpha theories

Abstract

We analyze the behavior of blackbody radiation in theories of electromagnetism which allow the electron charge and the fine structure constant to vary in space and time. We show that such theories can be expressed as relativistic generalizations of a conventional dielectric. By making the appropriate definition of the vector potential and associated gauge transformations, we can identify the equivalent of the electric and displacement fields, E and D, as well as the magnetic B and H fields. We study the impact of such dielectrics on the propagation of light in the so-called "BSBM" theory. We examine the form of simple cosmological solutions and conclude that no changes are created to the standard cosmological evolution of the temperature and energy density of blackbody radiation. Nonetheless the matter evolution changes and the behavior of the entropy per baryon is modified, and the ratios of different dark matter components may be changed too.

The cosmological constant as an eigenvalue of the Hamiltonian constraint in a varying speed of light theory

“…Since in the mini-superspace there is no classical time and the role of the "time" parameter can be played by the scale factor a, we can always replace c(t) with [21][22][23]…”

“…where we have defined l P = G /c 3 0 . Because of the VSL distortion, the asymptotic behavior of the trial wave function must be different compared to (23). Since 4 Note that for the special case α = −2/3, one finds…”

“…Of course, this hypothesis breaks the Lorentz invariance. The VSL model has been embedded within the general framework of the time varying fine structure constant theory and reformulated as a dielectric vacuum theory [22]. Moreover, isotropy and homogeneity problems may find their appropriate solutions through this mechanism [29][30][31].…”

Observables in theories with a varying fine structure constant

“…(20) of [4] or Eq. (35) of [24]) and the CMB stays Planckian during the cosmological evolution. Therefore, there seems to be a discrepancy between the two approaches since they seem to predict two different evolutions of the CMB temperature.…”

A proposal for testing gravity's rainbow

“…That choice is preferred to be based on phenomenological motivations. Among different arbitrary choices in [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22], many aspects of the theory have been studied with FRW universe and black hole thermodynamics. Many proposals exist in the literature; we will use the following three forms which has phenomenological motivations.…”