Reduced Airway Responsiveness in Nonelite Runners

Scichilone, Nicola; Morici, Giuseppe; Marchese, Roberto; Bonanno, Anna; Profita, Mirella; Togias, Alkis; Bonsignore, Maria R.

doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000178100.76067.e0

Cited by 25 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…To date, there has been little direct evidence that ET leads to these changes. However, a recent study by Scichilone et al (2005) has provided support for this premise. Comparing sedentary individuals and non-elite long distance runners, they found reduced tone in the smooth muscle of the airways of the runners (Scichilone et al, 2005).…”

Section: Pulmonary Adaptationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a recent study by Scichilone et al (2005) has provided support for this premise. Comparing sedentary individuals and non-elite long distance runners, they found reduced tone in the smooth muscle of the airways of the runners (Scichilone et al, 2005). Repeated lung inflation-induced stretch of airway smooth muscle associated with exercise is also thought to reduce airway resistance.…”

Section: Pulmonary Adaptationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Repeated lung inflation-induced stretch of airway smooth muscle associated with exercise is also thought to reduce airway resistance. Decreasing smooth muscle tone and contractility could be a mechanism for this reduction in airway resistance (Scichilone et al, 2005). By decreasing smooth muscle tone, airway resistance, and increasing lung volumes it is possible these mechanisms would lead to increased flow rates.…”

Section: Pulmonary Adaptationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As proposed by Scichilone et al (2005), the hyperventilation associated with heavy exercise has been theorized to cause reductions in smooth muscle tone and contractility leading to a decreased airway resistance and ultimately increased flow rates (Scichilone et al, 2005).…”

Section: Pulmonary Adaptationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While there has been no direct evidence of increased expiratory flow rates with training, research has suggested that repeated lung inflation induced airway stretch may reduce airway resistance through decreased smooth muscle tone and contractility (Scichilone et al, 2005). A reduction in resistance could also cause a greater dilation in the airways.…”

Section: Expiratory Flow Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of high-intensity interval training on pulmonary function

Dunham

Harms

2011

Eur J Appl Physiol

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High-intensity interval training (HIT) has been utilized as a time-efficient strategy to induce numerous physiological adaptations and improve performance usually associated with "traditional" endurance training (ET). It is not known however, if HIT might lead to improvements in pulmonary function. Therefore we hypothesized that HIT would increase respiratory muscle strength and expiratory flow rates. Fifteen healthy subjects were randomly assigned to an ET group (n = 7) and a HIT group (n = 8).All subjects performed an incremental test to exhaustion (VO 2 max) on a cycle ergometer prior to and after training. Standard pulmonary function tests, maximum inspiratory pressure (PImax), maximum expiratory pressure (PEmax), and maximal flow volume loops, were performed pre training and after each week of training. HIT subjects performed a four week training program on a cycle ergometer at 90% of their VO 2 max final workload while the ET subjects performed exercise at 60-70% of their VO 2 max final workload. All subjects trained three days/ week. The HIT group performed five one-minute bouts with three minute recovery periods and the ET group cycled for 45 minutes continuously at a constant workload. A five-mile time trial was performed prior to training, after two weeks of training, and after four weeks of training. Both groups showed similar (p<0.05) increases in VO 2 max (~8-10%) and improvements in time trials following training (HIT 6.5 ± 1.3%, ET 4.4 ± 1.8%) with no difference (p>0.05) between groups. Both groups increased (p<0.05) PImax post training (ET ~25%, HIT ~43%) with values significantly higher for HIT than ET. There was no change (p>0.05) in expiratory flow rates with training in either group. These data suggest that whole body exercise training is effective in increasing inspiratory muscle strength with HIT leading to greater improvements than ET. Also, HIT offers a time-efficient alternative to ET in improving aerobic capacity and performance.iv

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Section: Pulmonary Adaptationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pulmonary Adaptationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pulmonary Adaptationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pulmonary Adaptationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Expiratory Flow Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Effects of high-intensity interval training on pulmonary function

Dunham

Harms

2011

Eur J Appl Physiol

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Ventilation and Respiratory Mechanics

Sheel

Romer

2012

Comprehensive Physiology

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During dynamic exercise, the healthy pulmonary system faces several major challenges, including decreases in mixed venous oxygen content and increases in mixed venous carbon dioxide. As such, the ventilatory demand is increased, while the rising cardiac output means that blood will have considerably less time in the pulmonary capillaries to accomplish gas exchange. Blood gas homeostasis must be accomplished by precise regulation of alveolar ventilation via medullary neural networks and sensory reflex mechanisms. It is equally important that cardiovascular and pulmonary system responses to exercise be precisely matched to the increase in metabolic requirements, and that the substantial gas transport needs of both respiratory and locomotor muscles be considered. Our article addresses each of these topics with emphasis on the healthy, young adult exercising in normoxia. We review recent evidence concerning how exercise hyperpnea influences sympathetic vasoconstrictor outflow and the effect this might have on the ability to perform muscular work. We also review sex-based differences in lung mechanics.

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Investigating performance and lung function in a hot, humid and ozone-polluted environment

2010

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Large urbanized areas, where sports events take place, have a polluted environment and can also reach high temperatures and humidity levels. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a hot, humid and ozone-polluted (O(3)) environment on (1) performance of an 8 km time trial run, (2) pulmonary function, and (3) subjective respiratory symptoms in endurance-trained runners. Using crossover randomized design, 10 male participants (mean V(O)₂(max)= 64.4 mlO(2) kg(-1) min(-1), SD = 4.4) took part in a time trial run under four different conditions: 20 degrees C + 50% relative humidity (rh) (Control), 20 degrees C + 50% rh + 0.10 ppm O(3) (Control + O(3)), 31 degrees C + 70% rh (Heat), 31 degrees C + 70% rh + 0.10 ppm O(3) (Heat + O(3)). Heart rate, ratings of perceived exertion and minute ventilation were collected during the run. Lung function was measured pre and post-exercise. The runners completed a respiratory symptoms questionnaire after each trial. The completion time of both the Heat (32 min 35 s) and Heat + O(3) (33 min 09 s) trials were significantly higher (P < 0.0001) when compared to the Control + O(3) (30 min 27 s) and Control (30 min 15 s) trials. There were no significant changes between pre/post lung function measures or between trials. The effective dose of ozone simulated in the present study did not affect the performance and therefore, ozone-pollution, at an environmentally relevant concentration, did not compound the impairment in performance beyond that induced by a hot, humid environment.

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Reduced Airway Responsiveness in Nonelite Runners

Cited by 25 publications

References 35 publications

Effects of high-intensity interval training on pulmonary function

Effects of high-intensity interval training on pulmonary function

Ventilation and Respiratory Mechanics

Investigating performance and lung function in a hot, humid and ozone-polluted environment

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