Reduced Baroreflex Effectiveness Index in Hypertensive Patients With Chronic Renal Failure

Johansson, Mats; Gao, Sinsia A.; Friberg, Peter; Annerstedt, Marita; Bergström, Göran; Carlström, Jan; Ivarsson, Ted; Jensen, Gert; Ljungman, Susanne; Mathillas, O; Nielsen, Finn-David; Strömbom, Ulf

doi:10.1016/j.amjhyper.2005.02.002

Cited by 52 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…38 A more recent addition is the baroreflex effectiveness index, which estimates the number of times the baroreflex is active in controlling the heart rate in response to blood pressure fluctuations. 39 One recent study reported that reduced baroreflex effectiveness index and baroreceptor sensitivity are independent predictors of allcause mortality and SCD, respectively, in a cohort of patients with hypertension and chronic kidney disease. 40 …”

Section: Baroreceptor Sensitivity and Baroreflex Effectiveness Index mentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Assessment for Sudden Cardiac Death in Dialysis Patients

Saravanan

Davidson

2010

Circ: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology

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Section: Baroreceptor Sensitivity and Baroreflex Effectiveness Index mentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Assessment for Sudden Cardiac Death in Dialysis Patients

Saravanan

Davidson

2010

Circ: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology

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“…For example, there is evidence that asymmetric dimethylarginine (increased in renal failure, as a marker of endothelial dysfunction) may exert sympathoexcitatory effects, similar to what has been described for both angiotensin II and insulin (the circulating plasma levels of which are also increased in renal failure) [28]. Finally, there is evidence documenting that the reflex restraint exerted on adrenergic function by arterial baroreceptors is lost in patients with renal failure, suggesting the possibility that the adrenergic overdrive related to renal failure has a reflex nature [29].…”

Section: Sympathetic Activation and Renal Organ Damagementioning

confidence: 84%

Sympathetic Mechanisms, Organ Damage, and Antihypertensive Treatment

2011

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Sympathetic activation characterizes essential hypertension, contributing to the development and progression of the high blood pressure state. Throughout the years, evidence has been accumulated to show that adrenergic overdrive also participates in the pathogenesis of the end-organ damage associated with hypertension, including cardiac hypertrophy, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, and heart failure, as well as the vascular structural and functional alterations that frequently can be detected in large, medium-size, and small arteries. Adrenergic overdrive also participates in the renal insufficiency and failure that may accompany the clinical course of the hypertensive state. This paper reviews evidence collected over the past few years documenting the importance of neurogenic factors in the development and progression of end-organ damage. The therapeutic implications of this evidence are also highlighted.

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“…Di Rienzo and coworkers [16] reported that sino-aortic denervation in cats reduced BEI to a value near zero supporting the contention that BEI was related to arterial baroreflex function. Even though the mechanisms behind a reduced BEI remain to be elucidated, a variable that is closely related to BEI, the number of baroreflex sequences have been reported to be reduced in patients with diabetes and a reduced BEI among chronic renal failure patients was related to diabetes suggesting that neuropathy of the autonomic peripheral nerves may influence BEI [19,20]. Neuropathy of the autonomic peripheral nerves seems less likely in the present population of middle-aged depressive patients without diabetes or overt cardiovascular diseases but central inhibitory influences affecting the cardiac vagal motor neurons of the prefrontal cortex and the insular cortex may prevail in major depressive disorder [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%