Reduced Basal Ganglia Volumes After Switching to Olanzapine in Chronically Treated Patients With Schizophrenia

Lang, Donna J.; Kopala, Lili C.; Vandorpe, Robert; Qu, Rui; Smith, G.; Goghari, Vina M.; Lapointe, Jocelyne S.; Honer, William G.

doi:10.1176/ajp.161.10.1829

Cited by 66 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…The volume of the globus pallidus has also been reported as decreasing over time both in patients switching from typicals to atypicals and in healthy individuals (Frazier et al 1996). Switching from haloperidol to olanzapine is also reported to be associated with putamen and globus pallidus volume reduction (Lang et al 2004). By contrast, switching from risperidone to olanzapine (pharmacologically more similar to clozapine than risperidone) is not associated with a decrease in basal ganglia volume (Lang et al 2004).…”

Section: Studies Conducted In Subjects Receiving Short-term Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Switching from haloperidol to olanzapine is also reported to be associated with putamen and globus pallidus volume reduction (Lang et al 2004). By contrast, switching from risperidone to olanzapine (pharmacologically more similar to clozapine than risperidone) is not associated with a decrease in basal ganglia volume (Lang et al 2004). This suggests that atypical antipsychotics could induce basal ganglia volume normalization, rather than reduction, in patients previously treated with typicals, and supports the notion that atypical antipsychotics also act on basal ganglia, albeit differently from typicals (Heitmiller et al 2004).…”

Section: Studies Conducted In Subjects Receiving Short-term Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do antipsychotic drugs affect brain structure? A systematic and critical review of MRI findings

2009

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Section: Studies Conducted In Subjects Receiving Short-term Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Studies Conducted In Subjects Receiving Short-term Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do antipsychotic drugs affect brain structure? A systematic and critical review of MRI findings

2009

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“…11 follow-up MRI studies have been made on the basal ganglia of schizophrenic patients so far [22,26,28,29,[50][51][52][53][54][55].…”

Section: Longitudinal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apparently atypical antipsychotics do not affect the volume of basal ganglia structures like typical ones do. Moreover, four follow-up studies could show that a switch in treatment to atypical antipsychotics following typical antipsychotic use is associated with a decrease in volume of caudate nucleus, reversing the enlarging effect of typical treatment [50,[54][55][56].…”

Section: Longitudinal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strukturelles Neuroimaging der Basalganglien bei Schizophrenie: ein Review

Brandt

Bonelli

2008

Wien Med Wochenschr

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The basal ganglia structures have quickened interests in schizophrenia research for several reasons: On the one hand, schizophrenic patients are successfully treated with neuroleptics acting on dopamine receptors, which are highly concentrated in the basal ganglia structures. On the other hand, basal ganglia play an important role in higher cognitive functions such as attention, working memory and goal-directed behavior, which are impaired in schizophrenia. Magnetic resonance imaging allows non-invasive in vivo volumetric measurement of these brain structures. In this review, we studied all available papers on MRI research of the basal ganglia in schizophrenic patients. We found a possibly decreased caudate volume in first-episode schizophrenic patients, whereas studies on chronic patients mostly reveal volume increases in caudate, putamen and pallidum. Data from longitudinal studies suggest on the one hand that typical and atypical neuroleptics may produce different effects on brain morphology and on the other hand, that these changes are dynamic and might be reversible. Further studies are warranted for a better understanding of the mechanisms, which may lead to structural basal ganglia abnormalities, with medication effects demanding particular attention.

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“…Imaging studies suggest that there is a connection between taking antipsychotics and changes in morphology: first-generation APs lead to the enlargement of the basal ganglia in MRI images (Dazzan et al, 2005;Gur et al, 1998) and (perhaps) to a reduction in cortical grey matter (Dazzan et al, 2005;Lieberman et al, 2005). Second-generation APs cause regression of changes induced by APs I (Lang et al, 2004;Scheepers et al, 2001), (perhaps) a less pronounced progression of morphological changes in the total volume of grey matter (Lieberman et al, 2005;Thompson et al, 2008) and (perhaps) they lead to an increase in the volume of cortical grey matter (Garver et al, 2005;Molina et al, 2005). Nevertheless, can we argue, on the basis of these findings, that antipsychotics influence the basic neuropathology of schizophrenia?…”

Section: In Vivo Imaging Of Neuropathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

How and Why Psychiatrists Should Use Imaging Methods

Kašpárek

2010

Act Nerv Super

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From the perspective of a clinical psychiatrist, the extensive research in the field of imaging methods seems to have brought virtually no relevant information to practice (except for differential diagnoses of organic mental disorders). Mental disorders have not been shown to have a correlate detectable with common methods used in other branches of clinical medicine; neither do they provide access to subjective contents, i.e., they do not allow us to "read" our patients' thoughts or emotions, as popularized, particularly, by science fiction writers. However, imaging methods do have a significant role to play in psychiatry. Along with cognitive neuroscience findings, they allow us to understand the origin of certain psychopathological phenomena and formulate specific therapeutic approaches that can be used to influence them; together with findings from histopathology and animal studies, they allow us to assess the neuropathology of mental illnesses and assess the effectiveness of treatment modalities. Imaging techniques allow us to determine which parts of the brain are connected with a particular psychopathology, which in turn allows treatment selection to be focused on the anatomical and biological targets, linked to the psychopathology, thus offering benefits to the patient. Methods are beginning to appear which, using various brain imaging and multidimensional classification techniques, allow us (with increasing sensitivity and specificity) to determine which group an assessed subject belongs. This last feature is of greatest interest in clinical practice as it may be helpful with the diagnosis (i.e., whether the image of the brain corresponds to the healthy population or the suspected disorder) or in prediction (e.g. based on response to treatment, what are the probable courses for the illness, etc.). Thus, although mental illnesses are not accompanied by specific changes in the brain perceptible to the naked eye, if we ask clinically relevant questions, imaging methods provide us with important answers. This is why psychiatrists themselves should become knowledgeable and comfortable with imaging methods.

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Reduced Basal Ganglia Volumes After Switching to Olanzapine in Chronically Treated Patients With Schizophrenia

Cited by 66 publications

References 39 publications

Do antipsychotic drugs affect brain structure? A systematic and critical review of MRI findings

Do antipsychotic drugs affect brain structure? A systematic and critical review of MRI findings

Strukturelles Neuroimaging der Basalganglien bei Schizophrenie: ein Review

How and Why Psychiatrists Should Use Imaging Methods

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