Reduced Cerebral Blood Flow During Wakefulness In Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome

Joo, Eun Yeon; Tae, Woo Suk; Han, Seok Joo; Cho, Jae-Wook; Hong, Seung Bong

doi:10.1093/sleep/30.11.1515

Cited by 71 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…It is characterized anatomically as a unimodal sensory area [41], though its response to visual stimuli is modulated by other types of sensory information through cortical back projections [41]. It may also be an important substrate for dreaming [42] and colors [43], and is a brain region that consistently shows a reduction in cerebral blood flow after sleep deprivation or disruption [44], [45]. Sleep disruption caused by WDV may diminish activity and blood flow to this region, and consequently alter its developmental trajectory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Visual Cortex Gray Matter Volume and Thickness in Young Adults Who Witnessed Domestic Violence during Childhood

et al. 2012

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Exposure to interparental violence is associated with negative outcomes, such as depression, post-traumatic stress disorder and reduced cognitive abilities. However, little is known about the potential effects of witnessing domestic violence during childhood on gray matter volume (GMV) or cortical thickness. High-resolution 3.0 T volumetric scans (Siemens Trio Scanner) were obtained on 52 subjects (18–25 years) including 22 (6 males/16 females) with a history of visually witnessing episodes of domestic violence, and 30 (8 males/22 females) unexposed control subjects, with neither a current nor past DSM-IV Axis I or II disorder. Potential confounding effects of age, gender, level of parental verbal aggression, parental education, financial stress, full scale IQ, and total GMV, or average thickness were modeled using voxel based morphometry and FreeSurfer. Witnessing domestic violence subjects had a 6.1% GMV reduction in the right lingual gyrus (BA18) (P = 0.029, False Discovery Rate corrected peak level). Thickness in this region was also reduced, as was thickness in V2 bilaterally and left occipital pole. Theses regions were maximally sensitive to exposure to witnessing domestic violence between 11–13 years of age. Regional reductions in GMV and thickness were observed in both susceptible and resilient witnessing domestic violence subjects. Results in subjects witnessing domestic violence were similar to previously reported results in subjects with childhood sexual abuse, as the primary region affected was visual cortex. Brain regions that process and convey the adverse sensory input of the abuse may be specifically modified by this experience, particularly in subjects exposed to a single type of maltreatment. Exposure to multiple types of maltreatment is more commonly associated with morphological alterations in corticolimbic regions. These findings fit with preclinical studies showing that visual cortex is a highly plastic structure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Visual Cortex Gray Matter Volume and Thickness in Young Adults Who Witnessed Domestic Violence during Childhood

et al. 2012

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“…It may also be a critical substrate for dreaming (63), and is a brain region that consistently shows reduced cerebral blood flow after sleep deprivation or disruption (64, 65). Nightmares and sleep disruption are frequently reported sequelae of CSA (66–68).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Sexual Abuse Is Associated with Reduced Gray Matter Volume in Visual Cortex of Young Women

Tomoda¹,

Navalta²,

Polcari³

et al. 2009

Biological Psychiatry

176

140

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Objective Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) has been associated with alterations in brain morphology using region of interest analyses that have focused on stress sensitive target regions. This study was designed to ascertain the effects on gray matter volume (GMV) of exposure to CSA in a healthy population of young adult college students selected based on the history of exposure regardless of psychiatric outcome. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) provided unbiased delineation of most significantly affected brain regions. Methods High-resolution T1-weighted MRI datasets were obtained for 23 unmedicated females with CSA and 14 healthy female controls of equivalent age and socioeconomic status with no history of trauma. Cortical surface-based analysis (FreeSurfer) was performed to verify VBM results. Results GMV was reduced by 12.6% and 18.1% in right and left primary visual (V-1) and visual association cortices of abused subjects. This reduction was directly related to duration of CSA before age 12. GMV of left and right V-1 correlated with an overall index of visual memory (r = 0.353, P = 0.032 and r=0.448, P=0.005). Cortical surface-based analysis indicated that GMV of abused subjects was reduced in the left fusiform (P=0.004), left middle occipital (P=0.04), and right lingual (P=0.002) gyri. Conclusions Early visual experience exerts a strong influence on the development of the mammalian visual cortex. Present findings indicate that exposure to traumatic events may also affect the development of this region, and are even apparent even in a population of subjects who are sufficiently healthy to matriculate.

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“…The injury characteristics provide clues to the source of injury; the MD changes are heavily lateralized, suggesting consequences of perfusion, oxygenation, or reperfusion from the normally asymmetrical vascular supply to the brain to the intermittent hypoxia aspects of OSA (Joo et al, 2007), affecting both glia and neurons. Neurons in certain structures are especially vulnerable from excitotoxic processes during intermittent hypoxia or impaired perfusion in OSA.…”

Section: Reduced MD Values and Source Of Tissue Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered global and regional brain mean diffusivity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea

Kumar

Chavez

Macey

et al. 2012

J of Neuroscience Research

129

183

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A study on high performance poly(ether‐ether‐ketone) (PEEK) composites prepared by incorporating aluminum oxide (Al2O3), 0 to 50 wt % by hot compaction at 15 MPa and 350°C was described. Density, thermogravimetric analysis/differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to evaluate their density, thermal stability, crystallinity, and morphology. Experimental density was found higher than theoretical density, which indicates that composite samples are sound. It was found that the addition of micron sized (< 15 μm) Al2O3 increased the peak crystallization temperature by 12°C when compared with neat PEEK with insignificant increase in melting temperature. Half‐time of crystallization is reduced from 2.05 min for the neat PEEK to 1.08 min for PEEK incorporated with 30 wt % Al2O3 because of the strong nucleation effect of Al2O3. The thermal stability of composites in air atmosphere was increased by 26°C. However, thermal stability in nitrogen atmosphere decreases at lower concentration of Al2O3 but increases above 20 wt % of Al2O3. Uniform dispersion of Al2O3 particles was observed in PEEK polymer matrix by SEM. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 4623–4631, 2006

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Reduced Cerebral Blood Flow During Wakefulness In Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome

Cited by 71 publications

References 34 publications

Reduced Visual Cortex Gray Matter Volume and Thickness in Young Adults Who Witnessed Domestic Violence during Childhood

Reduced Visual Cortex Gray Matter Volume and Thickness in Young Adults Who Witnessed Domestic Violence during Childhood

Childhood Sexual Abuse Is Associated with Reduced Gray Matter Volume in Visual Cortex of Young Women

Altered global and regional brain mean diffusivity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea

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