Reduced doping efficiency of aluminium in Al-doped ZnO film: role of excess aluminium and deposition rate

Bandaru, Narendra; Panda, Emila

doi:10.1007/s00339-020-03705-0

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…By extrinsic doping with Al, introduced interstitially or substitutionally for Zn, the space around the defect is changed, and the layers of Al-doped ZnO (AZO) are characterized by a good transparency and electrical conductivity [22][23][24]. Different methods have been tested for the deposition of ZnO doped with Al (or In), such as sol-gel [25,26] and co-sputtering of ceramic targets [27], emphasizing the effect of dopant chemical state [25] and dopant excess [27] on the doping efficiency. Other deposition methods include pulsed laser deposition [28], spin coating [29], reactive pulsed laser deposition [30], the effect of deposition conditions on the morphological, structural, optical, and electrical properties of the film being investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arylenevinylene Oligomer-Based Heterostructures on Flexible AZO Electrodes

et al. 2021

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We investigated the optical and electrical properties of flexible single and bi-layer organic heterostructures prepared by vacuum evaporation with a p-type layer of arylenevinylene oligomers, based on carbazole, 3,3′ bis(N hexylcarbazole)vinylbenzene = L13, or triphenylamine, 1,4 bis [4 (N,N’ diphenylamino)phenylvinyl] benzene = L78, and an n-type layer of 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-pyrydil)21H,23H-porphyne = TPyP. Transparent conductor films of Al-doped ZnO (AZO) with high transparency, >90% for wavelengths >400 nm, and low resistivity, between 6.9 × 10−4 Ω·cm and 23 × 10−4 Ω·cm, were deposited by pulsed laser deposition on flexible substrates of polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The properties of the heterostructures based on oligomers and zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) were compared, emphasizing the effect of the surface morphology. The measurements revealed a good absorption in the visible range of the PET/AZO/arylenevinylene oligomer/TPyP heterostructures and a typical injection contact behavior with linear (ZnPc, L78) or non-linear (L13) J-V characteristics in the dark, at voltages <0.4 V. The heterostructure PET/AZO/L78/TPyP/Al showed a current density of ~1 mA/cm2 at a voltage of 0.3 V. The correlation between the roughness exponent, evaluated from the height-height correlation function, grain shape, and electrical behavior was analyzed. Consequently, the oligomer based on triphenylamine could be a promising replacement of donor ZnPc in flexible electronic applications.

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