Reduced Enzymatic Antioxidant Defense Mechanism in Kidney Tissues from Gentamicin-Treated Guinea Pigs: Effects of Vitamins E and C

Abstract

In this study, the activities of major enzymes participating in free radical metabolism (xanthine oxidase, XO; CuZn and Mn superoxide dismutases, SOD; glutathione peroxidase, GSH-Px; catalase, CAT) were measured in kidney tissues from guinea pigs treated with gentamicin alone (200 mg/kg/day), gentamicin plus vitamin C (600 mg/kg/day), gentamicin plus vitamin E (400 mg/kg/day), and gentamicin plus vitamins C and E together for 10 days, and from animals treated with physiological saline solution alone during this period. We found no significant differences between control and gentamicin groups with respect to XO and CuZn-SOD activities. However, the activities of Mn-SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT were found to be significantly depressed in the gentamicin-treated group relative to controls. In the gentamicin plus vitamin C group, the renal tissue Mn-SOD activity was found to be higher as compared with control and gentamicin groups. In this group, XO, GSH-Px and CAT activities were also higher than in the gentamicin-treated group, but no statistically significant differences existed between the values of this group and controls. Similar results were also observed in the gentamicin plus vitamin E group for Mn-SOD, GSH-Px, CAT, and XO. In this group, the CuZn-SOD activity was found to be decreased as compared with control and gentamicin groups. In the gentamicin plus vitamins C and E group, the CuZn-SOD activity was found to be decreased, the XO activity to be unchanged, and Mn-SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT activities to be increased as compared with the gentamicin and control groups. The results suggest that the enzymatic antioxidant defense system was significantly disturbed because of the suppressed activities of Mn-SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT in the kidney tissues from animals treated with gentamicin. However, vitamins C and E given concurrently with gentamicin completely abrogated this enzymatic suppression.

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Experimental Myoglobinuric Acute Renal Failure: The Effect of Vitamin C

“…[15][16][17][18] Vitamin C has been shown to protect against various types of injuries involving oxidative stress. [19][20][21][22][23] Thus far, there appear to be no studies on the effect of vitamin C on myoglobinuric ARF. We aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin C on the development of acute myoglobinuric renal failure formed by glycerol in rats.…”

Protective Effect of the Ethanol Extract of the Roots of Brassica rapa on Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in LLC-PK1 Cells and Rats

“…Tissues were homogenized and prepared for assays as described previously. 19) The upper clear part of tissue homogenates was used for the measurements. The protein contents of these clear supernatants were examined using the method devised by Lowry et al 20) Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) levels, xanthine oxidase/dehydrogenase (XO/XD), aldehyde oxidase (AO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzymes activities were measured in supernatants.…”