Reduced Erythrocyte Defense Mechanisms against Free Radical Toxicity in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

Durak, İlker; Akyol, Ömer; Başeşme, Erbil; Canbolat, Orhan; Kavutçu, Mustafa

doi:10.1159/000187770

Cited by 104 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…A exposição a alguns elementos como alumínio, silicone ou ferro durante a diálise, deficiência de algum elemento essencial participante da ativação de algumas enzimas como selênio ou zinco, além de outros fatores ainda não esclarecidos, podem contribuir para a baixa atividade da catalase e SOD nos eritrócitos dos pacientes em tratamento dialítico. 19 A avaliação da capacidade antioxidante total (TRAP) pode fornecer informações a respeito da capacidade dos sistemas em resistir aos desequilíbrios do estresse oxidativo. 12 O método utilizado neste estudo permite medir a capacidade da amostra em agir como antioxidante frente a radicais livres formados.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

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Efeito de uma sessão de hemodiálise sobre o estresse oxidativo sistêmico de pacientes renais crônicos terminais

Bianchi¹,

Barp²,

Thomé³

et al. 2009

J. Bras. Nefrol.

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Objective: To assess the effect of a hemodialysis (HD) session on systemic oxidative stress of chronic renal patients. Methods and Results: The study comprised 17 patients (10 women and 7 men with mean age of 39.9 ± 13.5 years) undergoing hemodialytic treatment at the Unit of Nephrology of Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, and a control group formed by 18 healthy individuals (4 women and 14 men with mean age of 34.8 ± 10.1 years). Renal patients had blood samples withdrawn before and after HD session. Means were analyzed by Student t test (p < 0.05). In red blood cells, the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) was assessed. In plasma, the non-enzymatic antioxidant system was assessed by measuring the total reactive antioxidant potential (TRAP). No significant differences were observed between the values of SOD and CAT before and after HD. Comparison with the control group showed a significant reduction in the activity of those enzymes. After HD session, a significant reduction in TRAP was observed. Oxidative damage to membrane lipids was assessed through chemiluminescence (CL), and the damage to proteins through carbonyl assay. No significant difference was observed in the values of CL and carbonyls after HD. However, when compared with the control group, a significant difference was observed, indicating a greater damage to membrane lipids and proteins in renal patients. Conclusions: Chronic renal patients on HD treatment show a reduction in the activity of antioxidant enzymes SOD and CAT, in addition to an increase in oxidative damage, when compared with healthy individuals. One HD session does not change those levels.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Além disso, observa-se diminuição nos níveis de vitamina C ao final da diálise. 19 Como resultado da ação dos radicais livres, a vitamina E é convertida a a-tocoferil, um radical livre. O radical livre a-tocoferil não tem propriedades antioxidantes e pode disparar o processo de peroxidação lipídica das membranas.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Efeito de uma sessão de hemodiálise sobre o estresse oxidativo sistêmico de pacientes renais crônicos terminais

Bianchi¹,

Barp²,

Thomé³

et al. 2009

J. Bras. Nefrol.

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“…Conceivably, decreased L-arginine levels may become a rate-limiting factor for NOS in conditions of increased ADMA/L-arginine ratios. In patients with end-stage renal disease on chronic hemodialysis treatment, other factors may also contribute to endothelial dysfunction, including dyslipidemia, 1 hyperhomocysteinemia, 24 -26 and increased oxidative stress as a result of decreased antioxidant levels [12][13][14]27,28 and increased lipid peroxidation. 14,29 However, from the findings of the present study, enhanced inactivation of NO by reactive oxygen species does not seem to be the most obvious explanation for a reduced NO bioavailability in patients with CRF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 -12 On the other hand, CRF has also been associated with enhanced concentrations of oxygen radical species that can inactivate NO. [13][14][15] NOS incorporates molecular oxygen into the guanidino group of L-arginine, yielding NO and L-citrulline. 16 By utilizing this reaction, NO production by NOS can be monitored by measuring the isotopic enrichment of [ 15 N]-citrulline in plasma during intravenous infusion of [ 15 N 2 ]-arginine.…”

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confidence: 99%

Nitric Oxide Production Is Reduced in Patients With Chronic Renal Failure

Wever

Boer

Hijmering

et al. 1999

ATVB

199

117

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Abstract-In patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), atherosclerosis is a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Generally, atherosclerosis has been associated with a reduced bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO). Experimental studies have indicated the presence of enhanced NO degradation by reactive oxygen species as well as decreased NO production as possible causes for this reduced NO bioavailability. So far, the question whether or not NO production is impaired in patients with CRF has never been investigated. Therefore, we measured whole body NO production in 7 patients with CRF, and in 7 matched healthy subjects. To assess the relative importance of a dysfunction of NO synthase (NOS), we compared the NO production of these patients to that of 2 other groups known to have endothelial dysfunction, ie, 7 patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) who did not yet have signs of clinical cardiovascular disease (all nonsmokers), and 5 cigarette smokers. These groups were also compared with 7 nonsmoking, age-matched healthy subjects. Whole body NO production, determined as in vivo arginine-to-citrulline conversion, was assessed by giving an intravenous infusion of [ 15 N 2 ]-arginine as a substrate for NOS and measuring isotopic plasma enrichment of [15 N]-citrulline by LC-MS. NO production in the CRF patients (0.13Ϯ0.02 mol ⅐ kg -1 ⅐ h -1 ) was significantly lower (PϽ0.05) than in the corresponding control group (0.23Ϯ0.09 mol ⅐ kg -1 ⅐ h -1 ). NO production also tended to be lower in the FH patients (0.16Ϯ0.04 mol ⅐ kg -1 ⅐ h -1 ), but the difference with the corresponding control group did not reach significance (0.22Ϯ0.06 mol ⅐ kg -1 ⅐ h -1 ). In the group of smokers, NO production was similar to that in nonsmokers (0.22Ϯ0.09 mol ⅐ kg -1 ⅐ h -1 ).In conclusion, it is demonstrated for the first time that basal whole body NO production is reduced in patients with CRF. This finding implies that therapeutic interventions to endothelial dysfunction in these patients should be primarily directed toward improvement of NO production. The finding of only a tendency toward reduction of NO production in patients with FH and the absence of a reduction in cigarette smokers suggests that other mechanisms such as enhanced NO degradation may be involved in the decrease of NO bioavailability in these groups. (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1999;19:1168-1172.) Key Words: nitric oxide Ⅲ chronic renal failure Ⅲ atherosclerosis Ⅲ endothelium Ⅲ hypercholesterolemia P remature atherosclerosis is one of the primary causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic renal insufficiency. 1 Over the last decade endothelial dysfunction has been identified as an early mediator in this process. Nitric oxide (NO) is one of the main factors involved in the antiatherosclerotic effects of the endothelium, 2 and chronic renal failure (CRF) has been associated with impaired NO bioavailability in the absence of concomitant risk factors, [3][4][5] even in children. 6,7 However, the finding of a reduced NO bioavailabi...

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“…Several evidences revealed that CAT activity is reduced/suppressed in cancerous tissues (Durak et al, 1994;Arruda et al, 1996). The decreased levels of CAT activity in liver, kidney and testes observed after cisplatin treatment (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C)-Mediated Protection on Mutagenic Potentials of Cisplatin in Mice Bearing Ascites Dalton ’s Lymphoma

Amenla¹,

Prasad²

2016

Research J. of Mutagenesis

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Cisplatin is a potent anticancer drug which has been in use against a variety of cancers for a long time. The present study was carried out to assess the protective ability of ascorbic acid on cisplatin-induced mutagenic effects in tumor-bearing mice. The increase in the frequency of chromosomal aberrations, micronuclei and sperm abnormality were studied as markers of mutagenicity. Indicators of oxidative stress relatives like lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione and the activities of enzymes such as catalase, glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione reductase were also studied to understand the possible mechanism(s) underlying this amelioration. Pre-treatment with ascorbic acid in combination group significantly reduced cisplatin-induced mutagenicity, markedly decreased lipid peroxidation along with increased level of glutathione and activities of antioxidant enzymes particularly in the liver of mice. The overall studies suggest that ascorbic acid with its antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties may play a part in its protective role in the abatement of cisplatin-induced mutagenesis and oxidative damage in the normal tissues of mice.

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Reduced Erythrocyte Defense Mechanisms against Free Radical Toxicity in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

Cited by 104 publications

References 18 publications

Efeito de uma sessão de hemodiálise sobre o estresse oxidativo sistêmico de pacientes renais crônicos terminais

Efeito de uma sessão de hemodiálise sobre o estresse oxidativo sistêmico de pacientes renais crônicos terminais

Nitric Oxide Production Is Reduced in Patients With Chronic Renal Failure

Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C)-Mediated Protection on Mutagenic Potentials of Cisplatin in Mice Bearing Ascites Dalton ’s Lymphoma

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