2016
DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-0939
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Reduced Expression of SMAD4 Is Associated with Poor Survival in Colon Cancer

Abstract: Purpose: SMAD4 loss is associated with the development of metastases and poor prognosis. We evaluated expression of SMAD4 protein and its association with tumor characteristics, including biomarkers and outcome in terms of relapse-free survival and overall survival.Experimental design: We used 1,564 stage II/III colon cancer samples from PETACC-3 to evaluate SMAD4 expression by immunohistochemistry. SMAD4 protein expression was validated by assessing mRNA expression using available expression array data. SMAD4… Show more

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Cited by 61 publications
(76 citation statements)
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“…When SMAD4 function is lost, due to either inactivating mutations or homozygous deletion of SMAD4 (DPC4) , the subsequent abrogation of signalling in the TGF‐β pathway leads to disruption of the transcription of genes involved in cell cycle control and apoptosis . Mutations and deletions of SMAD4 have been most commonly documented in pancreatic, biliary and colonic adenocarcinomas, with corresponding loss of SMAD4 protein expression reported in approximately 50% of pancreatic adenocarcinomas and 25% of biliary and colonic adenocarcinomas . SMAD4 dysfunction is relatively infrequent in other adenocarcinomas .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…When SMAD4 function is lost, due to either inactivating mutations or homozygous deletion of SMAD4 (DPC4) , the subsequent abrogation of signalling in the TGF‐β pathway leads to disruption of the transcription of genes involved in cell cycle control and apoptosis . Mutations and deletions of SMAD4 have been most commonly documented in pancreatic, biliary and colonic adenocarcinomas, with corresponding loss of SMAD4 protein expression reported in approximately 50% of pancreatic adenocarcinomas and 25% of biliary and colonic adenocarcinomas . SMAD4 dysfunction is relatively infrequent in other adenocarcinomas .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Supporting this concept, the formation and subsequent progression of various solid malignancies was strongly associated with loss of SMAD4 activity via inactivating mutations or loss of heterozygosity within the 18q21 locus, containing SMAD4 (19–22). For example, loss of SMAD4 promotes pancreatic and colorectal tumor progression and is strongly associated with increased metastatic potential, lower overall survival and poor chemotherapeutic responses (2325). Likewise, loss of SMAD4 activity was reported to cause spontaneous HNSCC formation, to induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cetuximab resistance, and to result in genomic instability through the downregulation of DNA repair-related genes (18, 26, 27).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The association between survival and SMAD4 loss in CLM patients has been described in patients undergoing resection, but its importance in patients undergoing liver‐directed chemotherapy (eg, HAI) and systemic therapy has not been previously reported. SMAD4 is a central mediator of TGF‐β signaling whose alteration is observed in 15%‐20% of sporadic CRC cases and correlates with poor overall and disease‐free survival, regardless of tumor stage . SMAD4 is an important transcription factor that regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%