Reduced frontal white matter integrity in cocaine dependence: a controlled diffusion tensor imaging study

Lim, Kelvin O.; Choi, Soo‐Hyung; Pomara, Nunzio; Wolkin, Adam; Rotrosen, John

doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(01)01355-5

Cited by 180 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…It should also be noted that the SPECT technique used assessed relative (to whole brain), not absolute, rCBF differences between groups. Although volumetric reductions have been reported in cocaine-addicted subjects (Bartzokis et al, 2002;Franklin et al, 2002;Lim et al, 2002;Matochik et al, 2003) relative to controls, no discrete structural lesions (by MRI) were observed in any of the subjects in this study. However, we cannot rule out the possibility that regions of muted rCBF responses observed in cocaine-addicted subjects resulted from neuronal loss.…”

Section: Regions Of Interestcontrasting

confidence: 76%

Altered Neural Cholinergic Receptor Systems in Cocaine-Addicted Subjects

Adinoff

Devous

Williams

et al. 2010

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Changes in the brain's cholinergic receptor systems underlie several neuropsychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and depression. An emerging preclinical literature also reveals that acetylcoholine may have an important function in addictive processes, including reward, learning, and memory. This study was designed to assess alterations in cholinergic receptor systems in limbic regions of abstinent cocaine-addicted subjects compared with healthy controls. On three separate days, 23 1-to 6-week abstinent, cocaine-(and mostly nicotine-) addicted subjects and 22 sex-, age-, and race-matched control subjects were administered the muscarinic and nicotinic cholinergic agonist physostigmine, the muscarinic antagonist scopolamine, and saline. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) after each infusion was determined using single photon emission-computed tomography. Both cholinergic probes induced rCBF changes (po0.005) in relatively distinct, cholinergic-rich, limbic brain regions. After physostigmine, cocaine-addicted subjects showed altered rCBF, relative to controls, in limbic regions, including the left hippocampus, left amygdala, and right insula. Group differences in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate, and middle temporal gyrus were also evident. Scopolamine also revealed group differences in the left hippocampus and right insula as well as the posterior cingulate and middle temporal gyrus. Cocaine addicted and controls differ in their subcortical, limbic, and cortical response to cholinergic probes in areas relevant to craving, learning, and memory. Cholinergic systems may offer a pharmacologic target for cocaine addiction treatment.

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Section: Regions Of Interestcontrasting

confidence: 76%

Altered Neural Cholinergic Receptor Systems in Cocaine-Addicted Subjects

Adinoff

Devous

Williams

et al. 2010

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…Anatomic studies of cocaine-dependent individuals have identified the following changes in the PFC: reduced gray matter (Franklin et al, 2002;Matochik et al, 2003), decreased white matter integrity (Lim et al, 2002), and increased white matter hyperintensities (Lyoo et al, 2004). Physiologic studies have shown decreased metabolism in the orbitofrontal cortex (Volkow et al, 1988) and increased cerebrovascular resistance in the arteries that supply the PFC (Herning et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance on the Stroop Predicts Treatment Compliance in Cocaine-Dependent Individuals

Streeter

Terhune

Whitfield

et al. 2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

170

128

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Treatment dropout is a problem of great prevalence and stands as an obstacle to recovery in cocaine-dependent (CD) individuals. Treatment attrition in CD individuals may result from impairments in cognitive control, which can be reliably measured by the Stroop color-word interference task. The present analyses contrasted baseline performance on the color-naming, word-reading, and interference subtests of the Stroop task in CD subjects who completed a cocaine treatment trial (completers: N ¼ 50) and those who dropped out of the trial before completion (non-completers: N ¼ 24). A logistic regression analysis was used to predict trial completion using three models with the following variables: the Stroop task subscale scores (Stroop model); the Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS) scores (HDRS model); and both the Stroop task subscale scores and HDRS scores (Stroop and HDRS model). Each model was able to significantly predict group membership (completers vs non-completers) better than a model based on a simple constant (HDRS model p ¼ 0.02, Stroop model p ¼ 0.006, and Stroop and HDRS model p ¼ 0.003). Models using the Stroop preformed better than the HDRS model. These findings suggest that the Stroop task can be used to identify cocaine-dependent subjects at risk for treatment dropout. The Stroop task is a widely available, reliable, and valid instrument that can be easily employed to identify and tailor interventions of at risk individuals in the hope of improving treatment compliance.

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“…Recent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies have provided strong evidence that cocaine abuse is associated with structural brain abnormalities in both gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) (Bartzokis et al, 2002;Fein et al, 2002;Franklin et al, 2002;Lim et al, 2002;Moeller et al, 2005). Evidence from functional neuroimaging studies and investigations of neuropsychological deficits also point to long-term changes in brain status associated with cocaine abuse (Bolla et al, 2000;Goldstein et al, 2004;Volkow et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lim et al (2002) first reported evidence of low WM integrity (lower fractional anisotropy-FA) of inferior frontal WM in male cocaine dependent subjects compared with male control subjects. No significant group differences were observed in temporal WM or in corpus callosum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain macrostructural and microstructural abnormalities in cocaine dependence

Lim

Wozniak

Mueller

et al. 2008

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

144

115

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Rationale-Two previous studies have utilized Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) to examine microstructural integrity in cocaine abuse and found evidence of brain abnormalities in white matter.Objective-Using anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), DTI, and clinical evaluation, the macrostructural and microstructural correlates of cocaine abuse were investigated.Methods-21 men and women (mean age 42.5, mean 18.9 years of cocaine use) and 21 age/gendermatched controls were included. Fractional anisotropy (FA) was measured in frontal white matter ROIs. Gray and white matter volumes in superior and inferior frontal regions were compared.Results-DTI data revealed that cocaine users had lower FA than controls, specifically in inferior frontal white matter. FA differences were not seen in other areas. Significant volumetric differences were not seen, but both grey and white matter inferior frontal volumes trended toward smaller in the cocaine group. The data suggested that duration of use was associated with decreased grey and white matter volumes. FA and grey matter volume were correlated in cocaine users.Conclusions-Both macrostructural and microstructural abnormalities were seen in a group of cocaine abusers. Length of cocaine use was associated with severity of the brain abnormalities. Future studies of white matter tissue integrity are warranted including examination of the relationship between DTI measures and traditional volumetric measures.

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Reduced frontal white matter integrity in cocaine dependence: a controlled diffusion tensor imaging study

Cited by 180 publications

References 37 publications

Altered Neural Cholinergic Receptor Systems in Cocaine-Addicted Subjects

Altered Neural Cholinergic Receptor Systems in Cocaine-Addicted Subjects

Performance on the Stroop Predicts Treatment Compliance in Cocaine-Dependent Individuals

Brain macrostructural and microstructural abnormalities in cocaine dependence

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