Reduced functional connectivity in the thalamo‐insular subnetwork in patients with acute anorexia nervosa

Ehrlich, Stefan; Lord, Anton; Geisler, Daniel; Borchardt, Viola; Boehm, Ilka; Seidel, Maria; Ritschel, Franziska; Schulze, Anne; King, Joseph A.; Weidner, Kerstin; Roessner, Veit; Walter, Martin

doi:10.1002/hbm.22736

Cited by 53 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Less cortical folding could, in turn, increase vulnerability to AN by disrupting communication between and/or within networks subserving self-concept formation and appropriate response selection (Medford & Critchley, 2010), particularly in the context of energy homeostasis. Again, altered resting-state functional connectivity, consistent with this hypothesis, has been reported in AN; Ehrlich et al (2015) reported reduced resting-state functional connectivity within a thalamo-insular subnetwork in acute AN, and Gaudio, Olivo, Zobel & Schiöth (2018) reported reduced resting-state functional connectivity within a cerebellar-insular-parietal-cingular subnetwork in acute AN.…”

Section: Distinct Associations Between Core An Symptomatology and Sitsupporting

confidence: 78%

Structural neuroimaging signatures of anorexia nervosa features in a mixed sample enriched for disease vulnerability

Miles

Kaplan

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Brain-behavior relationships that could provide insight into risk-associated pathophysiology have not been thoroughly assessed in anorexia nervosa (AN). Therefore, we sought to identify grey and white matter signatures of AN symptoms and risk factors (trait anxiety, set-shifting impairment) in a sample enriched for AN vulnerability, including acute and remitted AN patients and their unaffected sisters (n = 72, aged 18 -48 years). MRI/DTI data were acquired on a 3T scanner and processed with Freesurfer and FSL TBSS. Relationships between clinical variables of interest and regional subcortical volume, vertexwise cortical surface architecture (thickness, surface area, local gyrification), and voxel-wise white matter microstructure (FA, MD) were tested with separate linear regressions, including age, BMI, lifetime AN diagnosis, and intracranial volume as covariates, where appropriate. Significance was determined using a Bonferroni-corrected threshold, p(t) ≤ 0.001. We detected distinct associations linking AN symptoms to lateral occipital cortical thickness and insular/cingulate gyrification and trait anxiety to lingual cortical thickness and superior parietal gyrification, and we detected overlapping associations linking AN symptoms and set-shifting impairment to frontoparietal gyrification. No other brain-behavior relationships emerged. Our findings suggest that variations in site-specific cortical morphology could give rise to core features of AN and shared temperamental and cognitive-behavioral risk factors for AN.

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Section: Distinct Associations Between Core An Symptomatology and Sitsupporting

confidence: 78%

Structural neuroimaging signatures of anorexia nervosa features in a mixed sample enriched for disease vulnerability

Miles

Kaplan

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…Consistent with our findings, Favaro and colleagues also reported decreased connectivity in both acute and recovered AN within the visual network, in a region also associated with visual perception of the body (30). In a study using a network-based statistical approach, Ehrlich and colleagues found decreased connectivity in a thalamo-insular subnetwork including the fusiform gyrus, which might explain the disturbance in homeostatis and perceived body state in AN (55). Our results, together with previous literature, suggest that brain circuits associated with body image processing are dysfunctional in AN, and may underpin features such as distorted body image perception and abnormal experience of the body, characteristic of AN.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Current and Recovered Restrictive Anorexia Nervosa

et al. 2017

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Functional connectivity studies based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) have shown alterations in brain networks associated with self-referential processing, cognitive control, and somatosensory processing in anorexia nervosa (AN). This study aimed to further investigate the functional connectivity of resting-state networks (RSNs) in homogenous subsamples of individuals with restrictive AN (current and recovered) and the relationship this has with core eating disorder psychopathology. rs-fMRI scans were obtained from 12 female individuals with restrictive AN, 14 females recovered from restrictive AN, and 16 female healthy controls. Independent components analysis revealed a set of functionally relevant RSNs, previously reported in the literature. Dual regression analysis showed decreased temporal coherence within the lateral visual and auditory RSNs in individuals with current AN and those recovered from AN compared to healthy individuals. This decreased connectivity was also found in regions associated with somatosensory processing, and is consistent with reduced interoceptive awareness and body image perception, characteristic of AN. Widespread gray matter (GM) reductions were also found in both the AN groups, and differences in functional connectivity were no longer significant when GM maps were added as a covariate in the dual regression analysis. This raises the possibility that deficits in somatosensory and interoceptive processing observed in AN may be in part underpinned or exacerbated by GM reductions.

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“…Abnormal ACC-insular resting state activity has also been observed in ED patients (Amianto et al, 2013; Dunlop et al, 2015b). Altered connectivity strength and path length between the insula and thalamus has been observed in AN (Geisler et al, 2016), as well as decreased functional connectivity between the thalamus, putamen and insula (Ehrlich et al, 2015). Given all this evidence, the variation in symptoms across different classes of EDs—for example, the presence of binging behavior in BN and BED, but not AN—make it difficult to assess convergent implicated brain regions, and both structural gray matter and functional activity analyses in these populations should be expanded (Schäfer et al, 2010).…”

Section: Abnormalities Of Sn-cstc Loop Circuits In Psychiatric Illnessesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortico-Striatal-Thalamic Loop Circuits of the Salience Network: A Central Pathway in Psychiatric Disease and Treatment

Peters

Dunlop

Downar³

2016

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

462

298

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The salience network (SN) plays a central role in cognitive control by integrating sensory input to guide attention, attend to motivationally salient stimuli and recruit appropriate functional brain-behavior networks to modulate behavior. Mounting evidence suggests that disturbances in SN function underlie abnormalities in cognitive control and may be a common etiology underlying many psychiatric disorders. Such functional and anatomical abnormalities have been recently apparent in studies and meta-analyses of psychiatric illness using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Of particular importance, abnormal structure and function in major cortical nodes of the SN, the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and anterior insula (AI), have been observed as a common neurobiological substrate across a broad spectrum of psychiatric disorders. In addition to cortical nodes of the SN, the network’s associated subcortical structures, including the dorsal striatum, mediodorsal thalamus and dopaminergic brainstem nuclei, comprise a discrete regulatory loop circuit. The SN’s cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical loop increasingly appears to be central to mechanisms of cognitive control, as well as to a broad spectrum of psychiatric illnesses and their available treatments. Functional imbalances within the SN loop appear to impair cognitive control, and specifically may impair self-regulation of cognition, behavior and emotion, thereby leading to symptoms of psychiatric illness. Furthermore, treating such psychiatric illnesses using invasive or non-invasive brain stimulation techniques appears to modulate SN cortical-subcortical loop integrity, and these effects may be central to the therapeutic mechanisms of brain stimulation treatments in many psychiatric illnesses. Here, we review clinical and experimental evidence for abnormalities in SN cortico-striatal-thalamic loop circuits in major depression, substance use disorders (SUD), anxiety disorders, schizophrenia and eating disorders (ED). We also review emergent therapeutic evidence that novel invasive and non-invasive brain stimulation treatments may exert therapeutic effects by normalizing abnormalities in the SN loop, thereby restoring the capacity for cognitive control. Finally, we consider a series of promising directions for future investigations on the role of SN cortico-striatal-thalamic loop circuits in the pathophysiology and treatment of psychiatric disorders.

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Reduced functional connectivity in the thalamo‐insular subnetwork in patients with acute anorexia nervosa

Cited by 53 publications

References 93 publications

Structural neuroimaging signatures of anorexia nervosa features in a mixed sample enriched for disease vulnerability

Structural neuroimaging signatures of anorexia nervosa features in a mixed sample enriched for disease vulnerability

Reduced Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Current and Recovered Restrictive Anorexia Nervosa

Cortico-Striatal-Thalamic Loop Circuits of the Salience Network: A Central Pathway in Psychiatric Disease and Treatment

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