Reduced grey matter volume of amygdala and hippocampus is associated with the severity of autistic symptoms and language abilities in school-aged children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: an exploratory study

Arutiunian, Vardan; Davydova, Elizaveta; Pereverzeva, Darya; Sorokin, Alexander; Tyushkevich, Svetlana; Mamokhina, Uliana; Danilina, Kamilla; Dragoy, Olga

doi:10.1007/s00429-023-02660-9

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Children with ASD have increased hippocampal volume compared with that of TD children [23][24][25]. Specifically, the left hippocampal white-matter volume increases [26] while bilateral gray-matter volume decreases [27] or increases compared with TD children [28]. The increase in hippocampal volume may be associated with an increase in pyramidal neurons during the birth process [29].…”

Section: Research Progress Of Structural Mri In Asdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Multimodal MRI in the Early Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Review

Wang,

Xu,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Diagnostics

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder in children. Early diagnosis and intervention can remodel the neural structure of the brain and improve quality of life but may be inaccurate if based solely on clinical symptoms and assessment scales. Therefore, we aimed to analyze multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from the existing literature and review the abnormal changes in brain structural–functional networks, perfusion, neuronal metabolism, and the glymphatic system in children with ASD, which could help in early diagnosis and precise intervention. Structural MRI revealed morphological differences, abnormal developmental trajectories, and network connectivity changes in the brain at different ages. Functional MRI revealed disruption of functional networks, abnormal perfusion, and neurovascular decoupling associated with core ASD symptoms. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed abnormal changes in the neuronal metabolites during different periods. Decreased diffusion tensor imaging signals along the perivascular space index reflected impaired glymphatic system function in children with ASD. Differences in age, subtype, degree of brain damage, and remodeling in children with ASD led to heterogeneity in research results. Multimodal MRI is expected to further assist in early and accurate clinical diagnosis of ASD through deep learning combined with genomics and artificial intelligence.

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Section: Research Progress Of Structural Mri In Asdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Multimodal MRI in the Early Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Review

Wang,

Xu,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Diagnostics

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“…White matter development can occur [25]; however, in several areas, the alterations are mostly due to gray matter. In the amygdala and hippocampus, the changes of gray matter, associated with the severity of autistic symptoms and language, are often reduced [26,27]. Other changes of ASD's local properties take place during patient aging.…”

Section: The Asd Structures In the Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism Spectrum Disorder: Brain Areas Involved, Neurobiological Mechanisms, Diagnoses and Therapies

Lamanna,

Meldolesi

2024

IJMS

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), affecting over 2% of the pre-school children population, includes an important fraction of the conditions accounting for the heterogeneity of autism. The disease was discovered 75 years ago, and the present review, based on critical evaluations of the recognized ASD studies from the beginning of 1990, has been further developed by the comparative analyses of the research and clinical reports, which have grown progressively in recent years up to late 2023. The tools necessary for the identification of the ASD disease and its related clinical pathologies are genetic and epigenetic mutations affected by the specific interaction with transcription factors and chromatin remodeling processes occurring within specific complexes of brain neurons. Most often, the ensuing effects induce the inhibition/excitation of synaptic structures sustained primarily, at dendritic fibers, by alterations of flat and spine response sites. These effects are relevant because synapses, established by specific interactions of neurons with glial cells, operate as early and key targets of ASD. The pathology of children is often suspected by parents and communities and then confirmed by ensuing experiences. The final diagnoses of children and mature patients are then completed by the combination of neuropsychological (cognitive) tests and electro-/magneto-encephalography studies developed in specialized centers. ASD comorbidities, induced by processes such as anxieties, depressions, hyperactivities, and sleep defects, interact with and reinforce other brain diseases, especially schizophrenia. Advanced therapies, prescribed to children and adult patients for the control of ASD symptoms and disease, are based on the combination of well-known brain drugs with classical tools of neurologic and psychiatric practice. Overall, this review reports and discusses the advanced knowledge about the biological and medical properties of ASD.

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“…In addition, the lack of correlation between bilateral prefrontal cortex and cerebellar gray matter volumes and language social scores in children with ASD compared to neurotypical children may underlie language and social deficits ( 98 ). Pathological reductions in amygdala and hippocampal gray matter volume bilaterally have been associated with lower language skills ( 99 ). Underactivation of the right and left ventral striatum has been associated with lower reward seeking in children ( 100 ).…”

Section: Neural Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroplasticity of children in autism spectrum disorder

Chen,

Wang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that encompasses a range of symptoms including difficulties in verbal communication, social interaction, limited interests, and repetitive behaviors. Neuroplasticity refers to the structural and functional changes that occur in the nervous system to adapt and respond to changes in the external environment. In simpler terms, it is the brain’s ability to learn and adapt to new environments. However, individuals with ASD exhibit abnormal neuroplasticity, which impacts information processing, sensory processing, and social cognition, leading to the manifestation of corresponding symptoms. This paper aims to review the current research progress on ASD neuroplasticity, focusing on genetics, environment, neural pathways, neuroinflammation, and immunity. The findings will provide a theoretical foundation and insights for intervention and treatment in pediatric fields related to ASD.

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Reduced grey matter volume of amygdala and hippocampus is associated with the severity of autistic symptoms and language abilities in school-aged children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: an exploratory study

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Application of Multimodal MRI in the Early Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Review

Application of Multimodal MRI in the Early Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Review

Autism Spectrum Disorder: Brain Areas Involved, Neurobiological Mechanisms, Diagnoses and Therapies

Neuroplasticity of children in autism spectrum disorder

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