Reduced incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease after introduction of the 13-valent conjugate vaccine in Navarre, Spain, 2001–2013

Pneumococcal meningitis in Cantabria (Spain) in the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era (2001-2015)

“…Such indirect effect has also been observed in Navarra, where IPD incidence had significantly reduced in individuals aged 5 to 64 and ≥ 65 years old between 2010 and 2013. 11 Mortality was lower compared to other studies that showed an 8% mortality rate in the USA and Europe. 12 The only fatal case in our series had developed leukopenia, which is associated with a higher mortality.…”

13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine: A Review of Its Use in Adults

“…A surveillance study conducted in Navarre, Spain also showed that in the period following the introduction of PCV13 (2010-2013), there was a significant reduction in IPD cases in the overall population, including a 23 % reduction (p = 0.024) in older adults aged C65 years, compared with the period 2004-2009 [40]. About half of the older adults who developed IPD had comorbidities.…”

“…However, several recent postmarketing studies also provide evidence for protective effectiveness of PCV13 against pneumococcal disease in adults (indirectly via herd protection) [35][36][37][38][39][40]. Two years after its introduction into the US paediatric immunization programme, PCV13 was associated with statistically significant reductions in hospital admissions for invasive and noninvasive pneumococcal disease, not only in children but also in some adult age groups, according to findings of a retrospective time series analysis that used data from a private inpatient discharge record database capturing &20 % of all admissions to hospitals in the USA [35].…”

Pneumococcal serotype distribution: A snapshot of recent data in pediatric and adult populations around the world

“…There were 9 studies reporting serotype distribution data among adults aged 65 y and older with IPD 5,6,18,24,[55][56][57][58][59] and another 3 with similar data on non-IPD conditions (Table 2). [60][61][62] Conjugate vaccine serotypes (i.e., serotypes included in PCV13) causing IPD among older adults were highly prevalent (> 60% of serotypes) in only 2 studies, one Polish 6 and one Spanish.…”