Reduced measles immunity in infants in a well-vaccinated population

Pabst, Henry F.; Spady, Donald W.; Marusyk, R. G.; Carson, Mary M.; Chui, Linda; Joffres, Michel; Grimsrud, Karen

doi:10.1097/00006454-199207000-00004

Cited by 88 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…In this unique group of women with a documented vaccination history, we have shown that children of vaccinated mothers are born with lower measles antibody levels and have lower antibody levels up to the age of 5 months than the babies of unvaccinated mothers. As previously suggested [10], the difference between babies of unvaccinated and vaccinated mothers may narrow with age. Interpretation of changes with time is difficult due to increasing censoring.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Interpretation of changes with time is difficult due to increasing censoring. [10,28]. This boosting may be reflected in greater persistence of antibody in the infant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9][10][11][12] and infants born to vaccinated mothers acquire a lower level of measles antibody, which disappears at an earlier age, than infants born to mothers who have had natural measles infection . Therefore, children born to vaccinated mothers may be vulnerable to natural measles infection and be able to respond to measles vaccine at a younger age than infants of unvaccinated mothers [9,10,[12][13][14][15][16][17]. In the future, as the proportion of mothers who have been vaccinated increases, it may be possible to reduce the recommended age of measles vaccine, for all or for selected groups of children [9,10,[12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Therefore, children born to vaccinated mothers may be vulnerable to natural measles infection and be able to respond to measles vaccine at a younger age than infants of unvaccinated mothers [9,10,[12][13][14][15][16][17]. In the future, as the proportion of mothers who have been vaccinated increases, it may be possible to reduce the recommended age of measles vaccine, for all or for selected groups of children [9,10,[12][13][14]. The aim of this study was to provide data which would assist in identifying the optimum age for vaccinating UK children in the future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A study of maternally derived measles antibody in infants born to naturally infected and vaccinated women

Brugha¹,

Ramsay²,

Forsey

et al. 1996

Epidemiol. Infect.

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SUMMARYMaternal, cord and infant measles antibody levels were measured and compared in a group of 411 vaccinated mothers and 240 unvaccinated mothers, and their babies, between 1983 and 1991. Maternal and cord sera were tested by haemagglutination inhibition and/or enzymelinked immunosorbent assay, and plaque reduction neutralization tests were also used to test infant sera. Geometric mean titres were significantly higher in the unvaccinated than in the vaccinated mothers (P < 0-001). Infants born to mothers with a history of measles had higher antibody levels at birth than infants of vaccinated mothers and, although the difference narrowed over time, continued to have higher levels up to 30 weeks of age. Between 5 and 7 months of age significantly more of the children of vaccinated mothers had plaque reduction neutralization antibody levels below that which would interfere with vaccination. As the boosting effect of circulating natural measles disappears, earlier measles vaccination may need to be considered, perhaps as part of a two-dose policy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Interpretation of changes with time is difficult due to increasing censoring. [10,28]. This boosting may be reflected in greater persistence of antibody in the infant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A study of maternally derived measles antibody in infants born to naturally infected and vaccinated women

Brugha¹,

Ramsay²,

Forsey

et al. 1996

Epidemiol. Infect.

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“…Monovalent measles vaccine can be used in infants 6 to 8 months old who have been in contact with measles cases (10,11,16). Lowering the recommended age of vaccination was also prompted by several reports showing a rapid decline in maternal measles antibody concentrations in other well-vaccinated populations (12,24,32,40,44).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of Decline of Maternal Measles Virus-Neutralizing Antibodies in Sera of Infants in France in 2006

Gagneur

Pinquier

Aubert

et al. 2008

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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The optimal age for measles vaccination is an important health issue, since maternal antibodies may neutralize the vaccine antigen before a specific immune response develops, while delaying vaccination may increase the risk of complicated diseases in infants. However, measles vaccination impacts the duration of protection afforded by transplacental transfer of maternal antibodies: vaccination-induced maternal antibodies disappear faster than disease-induced antibodies. In order to maintain protection against measles in infants, it is important to monitor the dynamics of this phenomenon in vaccinated populations. To assess the current situation in France, a multicenter, prospective seroepidemiological study was conducted in seven French hospitals between October 2005 and January 2007. Maternal measles antibody concentrations from 348 infants 0 to 15 months old were measured using the plaque reduction neutralization assay. Geometric mean concentrations and the percentage of infants with maternal measles antibody concentrations above the protection threshold (>120 mIU/ml) were assessed according to age. Results show that after more than 20 years of routine measles vaccination in France, maternal measles-neutralizing antibodies decrease dramatically in French infants by 6 months of age, from 1,740 mIU/ml for infants 0 to 1 month old to 223 mIU/ml for infants 5 to 6 months old, and that 90% of infants are not protected against measles after 6 months of age. Infant protection against measles could be optimized both by increasing herd immunity through an increased vaccine coverage and by lowering the age of routine vaccination from 12 to 9 months.

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