Reduced polymerization stress of MAPO-containing resin composites with increased curing speed, degree of conversion and mechanical properties

Bulk fill restoratives: To cap or not to cap – That is the question?

“…Individual MOD cavities were prepared using a standardised protocol: cavosurface margins at 908 (rounded internal line angles); width of the proximal box (two-thirds the BPW); the occlusal isthmus (half the BPW); cavity depth at the occlusal isthmus (3.5 mm from the tip of the palatal cusp and 1 mm above the ACJ at the cervical aspect of the proximal boxes). [17][18][19][20][21][22] The prepared teeth were stored in high-purity double distilled water (23 AE 1 8C) and prepared for bonding with a one-step adhesive (Futurabond U SingleDose; Ref 1572, Lot 1418206; Voco GmbH, Cuxhaven, Germany). 23 A SingleDose blister was activated, which allowed the liquid contained in the blister to flow into the mixing and dispensing chamber.…”

“…A score of '0' was indicative of no evidence of dye penetration; '1' was indicated by superficial dye penetration not beyond the ADJ; '2' was indicated by dye penetration along the gingival floor and up to the axial wall; '3' was indicated by dye penetration along the axial wall and across the pulpal floor and '4' was indicated by dye penetration into the pulp chamber from the pulpal floor. [17][18][19][20][21][22] Nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis tests followed by paired MannWhitney U tests group comparisons ( p < 0.05) were assessed to determine statistically significant differences in cervical microleakage scores using the SPSS software. 24 …”

“…Each RBC increment (eight, three and two for restoration protocols 1, 2 and 3, respectively) was light irradiated for 20 s with the LCU tip maintained 2 mm above the cusp tips with deflection measurements recorded to 180 s post-irradiation after which no cuspal recoil of the buccal and palatal cusp deflections was assumed to occur. [17][18][19][20][21][22] The sum of the buccal and palatal cusp deflection measurements were calculated for each respective group -depending on the restoration protocol employed. Statistically significant differences in mean total cuspal deflection measurements between groups ( p < 0.05) were determined using one-way analyses of variance (ANOVA) with Independent Samples t-test and post hoc Tukey's tests with SPSS Statistics V22.0 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).…”

Effects of delivering the same radiant exposures at 730, 1450, and 2920 mW/cm2 to two resin-based composites

“…They also concluded that exposure reciprocity was photoinitiator-dependent. [23] The use of RBC in 2.0-mm increments is considered the norm in the delivery of a clinically accepted polymerized RBC restoration. However, bulk-fill RBCs claim that they can be successfully polymerized in 4-mm-thick increments.…”

Development of Novel Photoinitiators as Substitutes of Camphorquinone for the LED Induced Polymerization of Methacrylates: A Bis‐Silyl Ketone

“…Other PIs have also been proposed to some extent, e.g., (bis)acylphosphine oxide derivatives, AcylPhosphineOxide (APO) (generating phosphinoyl radicals), [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] germyl ketones GeK (producing germyl radicals), [20][21][22][23][24] A new photoinitiator based on a bis-silylketone (BSK) structure is proposed as a novel compound leading to highly efficient initiating silyl radicals for the polymerization of methacrylates (e.g., a bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate/triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate blend (70%/30% w/w)) upon exposure to a blue light emitting diode and a green laser diode. The polymerization profiles are recorded by real time Fourier transform IR (FTIR) spectroscopy.…”