Reduced prefrontal activation during Tower of London in first-episode schizophrenia: A multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy study

Zhu, Ye; Li, Xuan; Wang, Huiling; Jiang, Tianzi; Fang, Yue; Hu, Hanbin; Wang, Gaohua; Wang, Xiaoping; Liu, Zhongchun; Zhang, Kai

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2010.05.003

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and positron emission tomography, several studies have used these tasks to delineate the neural circuitry underlying problem-solving ability 1 (Table 1). While the parameters for each variant of the TOL varied from one study to another, the prefrontal cortex (PFC) was reliably activated across all studies, including its anterior, inferior, and dorsolateral (DLPFC) aspects (Baker et al, 1996; Boghi et al, 2006; Wagner et al, 2006; Just et al, 2007; Den Braber et al, 2008; Fitzgerald et al, 2008; Campbell et al, 2009; Zhu et al, 2010; De Ruiter et al, 2011; Kaller et al, 2011; Stokes et al, 2011; Hahn et al, 2012). Activation was also routinely observed in a number of other cortical and subcortical regions, including the parietal cortex, premotor region, anterior cingulate cortex, insular cortex, caudate, and thalamus (Baker et al, 1996; Beauchamp et al, 2003; Cazalis et al, 2006; Just et al, 2007; Campbell et al, 2009; Den Braber et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A problem-solving task specialized for functional neuroimaging: validation of the Scarborough adaptation of the Tower of London (S-TOL) using near-infrared spectroscopy

Ruocco

Rodrigo

Lam

et al. 2014

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Problem-solving is an executive function subserved by a network of neural structures of which the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is central. Whereas several studies have evaluated the role of the DLPFC in problem-solving, few standardized tasks have been developed specifically for use with functional neuroimaging. The current study adapted a measure with established validity for the assessment of problem-solving abilities to design a test more suitable for functional neuroimaging protocols. The Scarborough adaptation of the Tower of London (S-TOL) was administered to 38 healthy adults while hemodynamic oxygenation of the PFC was measured using 16-channel continuous-wave functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Compared to a baseline condition, problems that required two or three steps to achieve a goal configuration were associated with higher activation in the left DLPFC and deactivation in the medial PFC. Individuals scoring higher in trait deliberation showed consistently higher activation in the left DLPFC regardless of task difficulty, whereas individuals lower in this trait displayed less activation when solving simple problems. Based on these results, the S-TOL may serve as a standardized task to evaluate problem-solving abilities in functional neuroimaging studies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A problem-solving task specialized for functional neuroimaging: validation of the Scarborough adaptation of the Tower of London (S-TOL) using near-infrared spectroscopy

Ruocco

Rodrigo

Lam

et al. 2014

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…Several research groups have found task-dependent abnormalities in frontal hemodynamics in schizophrenia (14, 15). Schizophrenia patients are being shown to have functional deficits of PFC and impaired planning ability, e.g., a study observed that during a cognitive task (tower of London) schizophrenics show poorer performance and lesser pre-frontal activation as compared to normal healthy volunteers on NIRS (16). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontal Hemodynamic Responses to High Frequency Yoga Breathing in Schizophrenia: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study

et al. 2014

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Frontal hemodynamic responses to high frequency yoga breathing technique, Kapalabhati (KB), were compared between patients of schizophrenia (n = 18; 14 males, 4 females) and age, gender, and education matched healthy subjects (n = 18; 14 males, 4 females) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. The diagnosis was confirmed by a psychiatrist using DSM-IV. All patients except one received atypical antipsychotics (one was on typical). They had obtained a stabilized state as evidenced by a steady unchanged medication from their psychiatrist for the past 3 months or longer. They learned KB, among other yoga procedures, in a yoga retreat. KB was practiced at the rate of 120 times/min for 1 min. Healthy subjects who were freshly learning yoga too were taught KB. Both the groups had no previous exposure to KB practice and the training was carried out over 2 weeks. A chest pressure transducer was used to monitor the frequency and intensity of the practice objectively. The frontal hemodynamic response in terms of the oxygenated hemoglobin (oxyHb), deoxygenated hemoglobin (deoxyHb), and total hemoglobin (totalHb) or blood volume concentration was tapped for 5 min before, 1 min during, and for 5 min after KB. This was obtained in a quiet room using a 16-channel functional near-infrared system (FNIR100-ACK-W, BIOPAC Systems, Inc., USA). The average of the eight channels for each side (right and left frontals) was obtained for the three sessions. The changes in the levels of oxyHb, deoxyHb, and blood volume for the three sessions were compared between the two groups using independent samples t-test. Within group comparison showed that the increase in bilateral oxyHb and totalHb from the baseline was highly significant in healthy controls during KB (right oxyHb, p = 0.00; left oxyHb, p = 0.00 and right totalHb, p = 0.01; left totalHb, p = 0.00), whereas schizophrenia patients did not show any significant changes in the same on both the sides. On the other hand, schizophrenia patients showed significant reduction in deoxyHb in the right pre-frontal cortex (right deoxyHb, p = 0.00). Comparison between the groups showed that schizophrenia patients have reduced bilateral pre-frontal activation (right oxyHb, p = 0.01; left oxyHb, p = 0.03 and right total Hb, p = 0.03; left total Hb, p = 0.04) during KB as compared to healthy controls. This hypo-frontality of schizophrenia patients in response to KB may be used clinically to support the diagnosis of schizophrenia in future.

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“…Task complexity in performing the TOL correlated with activation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, the lateral premotor cortex, the rostral anterior cingulate cortex, and the right dorsal caudate nucleus in a positron emission tomographic study of healthy subjects [57]. Moreover, decreased prefrontal activation during the TOL has been reported in subjects with first-episode schizophrenia [58]. We showed that the minor allele A that is carried at rs713998 was significantly associated with higher performance in executive function that was measured by the TOL task in patients with schizophrenia under the dominant genetic model, but there was no association between any of the HPS4 SNPs and executive function in healthy controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of the Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome type 4 (HPS4) gene variants with cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia and healthy subjects

et al. 2013

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BackgroundThe Hermansky–Pudlak Syndrome Type 4 (HPS4) gene, which encodes a subunit protein of the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex (BLOC)-3, which is involved in late endosomal trafficking, is associated with schizophrenia; however, its clinical relevance in schizophrenia remains unknown. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether HPS4 is associated with cognitive functions in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls and with the clinical profiles of patients with schizophrenia.MethodsWe investigated the association of variants of HPS4 with clinical symptoms and cognitive function in Japanese patients with schizophrenia (n = 240) and age-matched healthy control subjects (n = 240) with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP)- or haplotype-based linear regression. We analyzed five tagging SNPs (rs4822724, rs61276843, rs9608491, rs713998, and rs2014410) of HPS4 and 2–5 locus haplotypes of these five SNPs. The cognitive functions of patients and healthy subjects were evaluated with the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia, Japanese-language version, and the patients were assessed for their symptomatology with the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS).ResultsIn patients with schizophrenia, rs713998 was significantly associated with executive function under the dominant genetic model (P = 0.0073). In healthy subjects, there was a significant association between working memory and two individual SNPs under the recessive model (rs9608491: P = 0.001; rs713998: P = 0.0065) and two haplotypes (rs9608491-713998: P = 0.0025; rs61276843-9608491-713998: P = 0.0064). No significant association was found between HPS4 SNPs and PANSS scores or premorbid IQ, as measured by the Japanese version of the National Adult Reading Test.ConclusionsThese findings suggested the involvement of HPS4 in the working memory of healthy subjects and in the executive function deficits in schizophrenia.

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Reduced prefrontal activation during Tower of London in first-episode schizophrenia: A multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy study

Cited by 29 publications

References 31 publications

A problem-solving task specialized for functional neuroimaging: validation of the Scarborough adaptation of the Tower of London (S-TOL) using near-infrared spectroscopy

A problem-solving task specialized for functional neuroimaging: validation of the Scarborough adaptation of the Tower of London (S-TOL) using near-infrared spectroscopy

Frontal Hemodynamic Responses to High Frequency Yoga Breathing in Schizophrenia: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study

Association of the Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome type 4 (HPS4) gene variants with cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia and healthy subjects

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