Reduced-Pressure Foaming of Aluminum Alloys

Kumar, G. S. Vinod; Mukherjee, M.; García‐Moreno, Francisco; Banhart, John

doi:10.1007/s11661-012-1398-8

Cited by 20 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Kumar et al [89] investigated foaming of pure aluminum, Al-5%Mg and Al-9%Si-5%Mg alloys under a reduced pressure of 2 × 10 −4 atmosphere. They stirred the melts for twenty minutes, which raised entrainment damage.…”

Section: Extreme Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Hydrogen on Pore Formation in Aluminum Alloy Castings: Myth Versus Reality

Tiryakioğlu

2020

Metals

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The solubility of hydrogen in liquid and solid aluminum is reviewed. Based on classical nucleation theory, it is shown that pores cannot nucleate either homogeneously or heterogeneously in liquid aluminum. Results of in situ studies on pore formation show that pores appear at low hydrogen supersaturation levels, bypassing nucleation completely. The results are explained based on the bifilm theory introduced by Prof. John Campbell, as this theory is currently the most appropriate, and most likely, the only mechanism for pores to form. Examples for the effect of hydrogen on pore formation are given by using extreme data from the literature. It is concluded that a fundamental change in how hydrogen is viewed is needed in aluminum casting industry.

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Section: Extreme Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Hydrogen on Pore Formation in Aluminum Alloy Castings: Myth Versus Reality

Tiryakioğlu

2020

Metals

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“…In addition to the investigation of solid samples, tomography has also been used to investigate the influence of production parameters on the manufacturing process through in‐situ experiments e.g., to study the effects of reduced [ 211 ] and high ambient pressure [ 212 ] on the evolving liquid metal foam structure, or the influence of the blowing agent content. [ 212 ] Mukherjee et al performed a deep analysis of microporosity formation, [ 134 ] the effect of cooling rate after foaming on the resulting cellular structure, [ 213 ] defect generation during solidification [ 160 ] and foam collapse, [ 214 ] while Jiménez et al analysed the positive effect of vacuum powder compaction on the foaming behaviour [ 215 ] as well as the foaming process in a multi‐method approach, simultaneously combining tomoscopy with X‐ray diffraction and optical measurements of foam expansion.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

X‐ray Tomography and Tomoscopy on Metals: A Review

et al. 2023

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X‐ray tomography is a versatile tool in materials research and engineering since it allows for a non‐destructive and three‐dimensional mapping of the constituents of a heterogeneous material as long as they differ in their interactions with X‐rays. Recent developments of the technique have brought down the time needed for the acquisition of a single tomogram by many orders of magnitude compared to what was needed 25 years ago. Nowadays, up to 1000 full tomograms can be recorded in a second, which enables real‐time studies of changes in samples caused by reactions or by applied processing operations. The term tomoscopy has been coined for such sequences of 3D images. We review the application of X‐ray tomography and tomoscopy on metals and describe each step required and the associated challenges. A selection of representative investigations is presented with a focus on time‐resolved phenomena in metals and alloys ranging from mechanical deformation, solidification to metals processing processes such as welding and additive manufacturing. Finally likely future developments are discussed.

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