Reduced Prostacyclin Production by Cultured Endothelial Cells From Umbilical Arteries of Babies Born to Women Who Smoke

Busacca, Mauro; Dejana, Elisabetta; Balconi, Giovanna; Olivieri, Silvana; Pietra, Attilio; Vergara-Dauden, M.; Gaetano, Giovanni de

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(82)90685-7

Cited by 20 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Maternal zinc depletion is associated with IUGR and this is confirmed in our recent larger study of 80 mothers, in which zinc depletion was also associated with smoking (22). In addition to tissue zinc depletion, decreased umbilical arterial production of prostacyclin, measured as its stable product, 6-keto F,,, is also associated with IUGR (23) and smoking (24), while umbilical prostacyclin production parallels umbilical blood flow (25). Variations of umbilical blood flow might be an important factor controlling fetal size.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Prostaglandin Production and Zinc Depletion in Human Pregnancy

et al. 1985

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ABSTRACT. An association between zinc depletion and intrauterine growth retardation might occur through disturbed prostaglandin (PG) synthesis. The zinc content and PG metabolism of leucocytes from control, nonpregnant women and mothers 24-48 h after delivery, were measured and related to fetal growth and maternal smoking. Mothers of small for gestational age babies had lower polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cell zinc contents than mothers of appropriate for gestational age babies or nonpregnant controls. Monocytes were the major leucocytes producing PGs. Mothers of small for gestational age babies had higher PGE2:Fk ratios than mothers of appropriate for gestational age babies. PGFk production and PGE2:Fk ratio were correlated with tissue zinc status. Monocytes from nonsmokers tended to produce more PGs than those from smokers but the differences were not significant. Mild maternal zinc depletion is not significantly sufficient to alter absolute PC production, but is associated with altered differential production of PGs in human leucocytes. Zinc depletion or malnutrition may contribute to intrauterine growth retardation by affecting placental and/or umbilical PG production. (Pediatr Res 19: 697-700,1985) Abbreviations PC, prostaglandin SGA, small for gestational age AGA, appropriate for gestational age IUGR, intrauterine growth retardation PMN, polymorphonuclear MN, mononuclear MC, monocyte IUGR is an important cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality in developed, as well as developing, countries, and in both animals ( l,2) and man (3,4) occurs with maternal zinc depletion. Zinc is present in many metalloenzymes and is essential for DNA and RNA synthesis and, therefore, protein accumulation and growth (5). It is also important in the structure and function of biomembranes (6). An interaction between zinc and essential fatty acids has been postulated (7,8), but aberrations in the metabolism of essential fatty acids attributed to zinc deficiency may be due to the accompanying reduced food intake (9). Zinc may be necessary for at least two stages in essential fatty acid Received December 4, 1984; accepted March 5, 1985. Correspondence to Dr. Karen Simmer, Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, London.Supported by Action Research, Nest16 Nutrition Foundation, and the Special Trustees of St. Thomas' Hospital. metabolism, namely the conversion of linoleic acid to y-linolenic acid, and the mobilization of dihommogammalinolenic acid for the synthesis of 1 series PGs. Zinc may also be important in the conversion of dihommogammalinolenic acid to arachidonic acid and for mobilization of arachidonic acid for 2 series PG formation (10). One of the immediate consequences of zinc depletion may be altered PG metabolism and, as PGs are important in placental function and fetal growth (1 1), an association between zinc depletion and IUGR might occur through disturbed PG synthesis.Leucocytes are readily available and produce prostaglandins (12). Their zinc content is a goo...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Prostaglandin Production and Zinc Depletion in Human Pregnancy

et al. 1985

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“…The decrease of fetal PGI2 production could result in decreased blood flow of the fetus, which would explain the smokingassociated complications of the child [United States Public Health Service, 1971;Naeye et al, 1984], The data on the effect of nicotine and smoking on fetal PGI2 produc tion are, however, inconclusive, since both reduced [Dadak et al, 1981], unchanged [Busacca et al, 1982;Ylikorkala et al, 1985] and increased [Stoel et al, 1982] PGI2 pro ductions have been reported. Of special in terest was a finding that the endothelial cells from the umbilical vessels of babies bom to smoking mothers produced less PGI2 than the controls [Busacca et al, 1982], This sug gested that smoking induced a long-lasting defect in the enzyme system producing PGI2 in endothelial cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of special in terest was a finding that the endothelial cells from the umbilical vessels of babies bom to smoking mothers produced less PGI2 than the controls [Busacca et al, 1982], This sug gested that smoking induced a long-lasting defect in the enzyme system producing PGI2 in endothelial cells. Theoretically, a similar disturbance could exist also in the tissues of the neonate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Smoking and Neonatal Prostacyclin Excretion

Viinikka¹,

Kääpä²,

Ylikorkala³

1988

Dev Pharmacol Ther

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To study the effect of smoking during pregnancy on the production of vasodilatory, antiaggregatory prostacyclin (PGI(2)) of the neonates, we measured the urinary excretion of 6-keto-prostaglandin Fu (6-keto-PGF(1a), a metabolite of PGI(2)) on the first and on the third or fourth day of life of a group of babies of smoking (BSM, n = 14) and nonsmoking (BNSM, n = 13) mothers. The urinary excretion of 6-keto-PGF(1a) was similar in both groups (249.8 ± 18.5, mean ± SEM, and 262.7 ± 35.0 pg 6-keto-PGF(1a)/mmol of creatinine for BSM and BNSM, respectively, on the first day of life; 109.4 ± 18.6 and 133.3 ± 18.5 pg/mmol for BSM and BNSM, respectively, on the third or fourth day of life). Thus smoking during pregnancy is not followed by such changes of PGI(2) production that they were reflected by changes of urinary 6-keto-PGF(1a) of newborns on the first or on the third or fourth day of life.

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Anatomy and Pathology of the Umbilical Cord

Pathology of the Human Placenta

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Reduced Prostacyclin Production by Cultured Endothelial Cells From Umbilical Arteries of Babies Born to Women Who Smoke

Cited by 20 publications

References 9 publications

Prostaglandin Production and Zinc Depletion in Human Pregnancy

Prostaglandin Production and Zinc Depletion in Human Pregnancy

Maternal Smoking and Neonatal Prostacyclin Excretion

Anatomy and Pathology of the Umbilical Cord

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