Reduced renal function in patients with simple renal cysts

Al-Said, Jafar; Brumback, Michael A.; Moghazi, Sammy; Baumgarten, Deborah A.; O’Neill, W. Charles

doi:10.1111/j.1523-1755.2004.00651.x

Cited by 80 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The prevalence of simple cysts tends to increase with age and may reflect kidney aging. 32,33 The 12% prevalence of cysts detected by ultrasonography in our series, as well as the increased risk with age and the sex difference are in line with previous reports. 32,34,35 The mechanisms leading to the formation of simple cysts in the kidney remain largely unknown.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…[40][41][42] In a cross-sectional analysis of hospitalized patients without overt renal disease undergoing an abdominal computed tomography scan, the presence of cysts was associated with a reduced renal function estimated by creatinine clearance. 33 In our cohort, the association between copeptin and cysts was independent of age, hypertension, kidney function, and even urinary concentration, suggesting a distinct pathway. If elevated copeptin was simply a consequence of kidney damage rather than being causally involved in cyst formation, the association of copeptin with cysts should be stronger in older people who have accumulated kidney damage over time and have lower eGFR, and would decrease upon adjustment for eGFR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Copeptin Is Associated with Kidney Length, Renal Function, and Prevalence of Simple Cysts in a Population-Based Study

Ponte

Pruijm

Ackermann

et al. 2015

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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Arginine vasopressin (AVP) has a key role in osmoregulation by facilitating water transport in the collecting duct. Recent evidence suggests that AVP may have additional effects on renal function and favor cyst growth in polycystic kidney disease. Whether AVP also affects kidney structure in the general population is unknown. We analyzed the association of copeptin, an established surrogate for AVP, with parameters of renal function and morphology in a multicentric population-based cohort. Participants from families of European ancestry were randomly selected in three Swiss cities. We used linear multilevel regression analysis to explore the association of copeptin with renal function parameters as well as kidney length and the presence of simple renal cysts assessed by ultrasound examination. Copeptin levels were log-transformed. The 529 women and 481 men had median copeptin levels of 3.0 and 5.2 pmol/L, respectively (P,0.001). In multivariable analyses, the copeptin level was associated inversely with eGFR (b=22.1; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 23.3 to 20.8; P=0.002) and kidney length (b=21.2; 95% CI, 21.9 to 20.4; P=0.003) but positively with 24-hour urinary albumin excretion (b=0.11; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.20; P=0.03) and urine osmolality (b=0.08; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.10; P,0.001). A positive association was found between the copeptin level and the presence of renal cysts (odds ratio, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.1 to 2.4; P=0.02). These results suggest that AVP has a pleiotropic role in renal function and may favor the development of simple renal cysts. The antidiuretic hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP) plays an essential role in osmoregulation by facilitating water transport in the collecting duct. 1 This effect is mediated by the stimulation of the G protein-coupled vasopressin V2 receptor (V2R), increasing cAMP levels and leading to a transient increase in osmotic water transport across the principal cells. 2 Furthermore, it was recently demonstrated that V2Rs are also expressed in the thick ascending limb of the human kidney. 3,4 In addition to the V2R, AVP acts on the V1a receptor (Ca 2+ as second messenger), which is distributed in the endothelial cells lining systemic and renal blood vessels and capillaries (including vasa recta), as well as the glomerulus, the macula densa, the medullary interstitial cells, and the cortical collecting duct. [5][6][7] Of note, V1a receptors seem to

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Copeptin Is Associated with Kidney Length, Renal Function, and Prevalence of Simple Cysts in a Population-Based Study

Ponte

Pruijm

Ackermann

et al. 2015

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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“…Each underwent a period of training, and consistency was checked with test cases in a blinded fashion. We have previously reported intraobserver and interobserver variabilities of 3 and 8% for the measurement of renal parenchymal volume (13), and others have reported an interscan correlation of 0.94 (14).…”

Section: Renal Parenchymal Volumementioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants and Functional Significance of Renal Parenchymal Volume in Adults

Johnson

Rishi

Andone

et al. 2011

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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SummaryBackground and objectives The significance of renal parenchymal volume and the factors that influence it are poorly understood.Design, setting, participants, & measurements Renal parenchymal volume (RPV) was measured on contrastenhanced CT scans after exclusion of sinus fat and vessels in 224 healthy subjects evaluated as kidney donors and in a separate cohort of 22 severely obese individuals before and after 6 months of weight loss. GFR was measured by iohexol clearance in 76 of the transplant donors. RPV was correlated with age, GFR, and various anthropometric parameters. ResultsIn potential transplant donors, RPV correlated with body surface area (BSA; r ϭ 0.68) and was 7% larger in men but did not vary with age or race. Gender and body size were independent determinants of RPV. RPV correlated well with GFR (r ϭ 0.62) and accounted for almost all of the variability in a model of GFR that included age, race, gender, and body surface area. GFR correlated more strongly with RPV than with creatinine-based equations. The same relationship between RPV and BSA was observed in obesity, and RPV decreased with weight loss. ConclusionsIn healthy adults younger than 65 years, renal parenchymal volume is governed by body size and gender but not age or race and is strongly correlated with GFR. This indicates that renal parenchymal volume varies to meet metabolic demand and is closely linked to renal function.

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“…More complex cysts (prominent thickening or irregularity of the wall) should prompt additional imaging. Cysts are common and are often associated with CKD (14,15), with acquired cystic disease being the extreme form. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the other common multicystic disease, and it is characterized by severe renal enlargement.…”

Section: Massesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal Relevant Radiology

O’Neill

2014

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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Ultrasound is commonly used in nephrology for diagnostic studies of the kidneys and lower urinary tract and to guide percutaneous procedures, such as insertion of hemodialysis catheters and kidney biopsy. Nephrologists must, therefore, have a thorough understanding of renal anatomy and the sonographic appearance of normal kidneys and lower urinary tract, and they must be able to recognize common abnormalities. Proper interpretation requires correlation with the clinical scenario. With the advent of affordable, portable scanners, sonography has become a procedure that can be performed by nephrologists, and both training and certification in renal ultrasonography are available.

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Reduced renal function in patients with simple renal cysts

Cited by 80 publications

References 19 publications

Copeptin Is Associated with Kidney Length, Renal Function, and Prevalence of Simple Cysts in a Population-Based Study

Copeptin Is Associated with Kidney Length, Renal Function, and Prevalence of Simple Cysts in a Population-Based Study

Determinants and Functional Significance of Renal Parenchymal Volume in Adults

Renal Relevant Radiology

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