Reduced specificity of autobiographical memories following a negative mood induction

Yeung, Cecilia Au; Dalgleish, Tim; Golden, Ann-Marie; Schartau, Patricia

doi:10.1016/j.brat.2005.10.011

Cited by 53 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In the sub-group of participants who still showed elevated blood pressure levels at the end of the memory task compared to baseline, the association between cortisol increase and the number of specific recent neutral autobiographical memory retrieval was indeed stronger and significant. Furthermore, mood was not affected by the stressor, which might be another reason why we did not find group effects, as could be expected on the basis of the functional avoidance mechanism of the CaR-FAX model (see Williams et al, 2007) and earlier findings of mood inductions on autobiographical memory retrieval (Au Yeung et al, 2006;Svaldi & Mackinger, 2003). However, effects of stress on declarative memory without decreases in mood have been reported before (Domes, Heinrichs, Rimmele, Reichwald, & Hautzinger, 2004;Tollenaar et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Second, decreased specificity might be a result of functional avoidance. Because stress may induce negative mood states (e.g., Kuhlmann et al, 2005b), stressed individuals might try to avoid further mood disturbances by avoidance of sensory and perceptual details of negative events and hence adopt an over-general retrieval style (see Au Yeung, Schartau, 2006, andSvaldi &Mackinger, 2003, for the negative effects of mood inductions on memory specificity). Third, rumination about self-referential attributes can also lead to lowered specificity.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Autobiographical memory after acute stress in healthy young men

Tollenaar

Elzinga

Spinhoven

et al. 2009

Memory

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Autobiographical memories have been found to be less specific after hydrocortisone administration in healthy men, resembling memory deficits in, for example, depression. This is the first study to investigate the effects of stress-induced elevated cortisol levels on autobiographic memory specificity and experience in healthy young men. Autobiographical memories were elicited by neutral and negative cue words, with instructions to recall either recent or remote memories. No effect of psychosocial stress was found on memory specificity or experience, but cortisol increases tended to be related to less specific, recent memories elicited by neutral cue words, especially when participants were physically aroused during memory retrieval. These results indicate that autobiographical memories are fairly resistant to an acute stressor in healthy young men, but that endogenous cortisol increases might be related to autobiographical memory retrieval. More research into the relation between endogenous cortisol increases and autobiographic memory retrieval is needed, especially in stress-related disorders.Keywords: Autobiographical memory; Stress; Cortisol; Memory specificity; Memory retrieval; Depression.Dependent on the memory stage being tested, acute stress and high cortisol levels can have impairing or enhancing effects on memory. While encoding and consolidation are found to be facilitated by cortisol (e.g., Buchanan & Lovallo, 2001) Gillin, & Hauger, 1999;Wolf et al., 2001). Recent studies suggest that the impairing effects of cortisol on human memory may be mediated by reduced prefrontal and medial temporal lobe (MTL) activation (de Quervain et al., 2003;Oei et al., 2007). Animal studies have shown that the impairing effects of cortisol on memory are mediated by hippocampal and prefrontal glucocorticoid receptors (Lupien & LePage, 2001), and are dependent on noradrenergic signalling of the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (Roozendaal, Hahn, Nathan, de Quervain, & McGaugh, 2004;Roozendaal, McReynolds, & McGaugh, 2004 We would like to thank Hans Sandberg, Reineke Bos, Jitske Tiemensma, Josje Mulder, Inge van der Neut, and Dagmar Feenstra for their help in conducting the laboratory stressor and processing the data. We thank Hans van Pelt and Jolanda Verhagen for the cortisol analyses at the Chemical Clinical lab of the LUMC. We also like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Autobiographical memory after acute stress in healthy young men

Tollenaar

Elzinga

Spinhoven

et al. 2009

Memory

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“…The following music was used for each of the mood induction conditions: 1) Positive: the Mazurka from 'Coppelia' by Delibes, 2) Negative: a half--speed version of 'Russia under the Mongolian yoke' by Prokofiev and 3) Neutral: the Largo movement from 'The New World Symphony' by Dvorak. These pieces of music have been shown in previous studies to reliably induce the intended affective state (Mayer et al, 1995;Yeung, Dalgleish, Golden, & Schartau, 2006).…”

Section: Mood Induction Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do extraverts get more bang for the buck? Refining the affective-reactivity hypothesis of extraversion.

Smillie

Cooper

Wilt

et al. 2012

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

130

108

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One of the most robust observations in personality and emotion research is the finding that extraverts are happier than introverts. Some theorists have attributed this to differential reactivity of the brain reward system, which is central to many biologically inspired models of extraversion. This affective-reactivity hypothesis, which suggests that extraverts should be more susceptible to the induction of positive affect, has so far received very mixed empirical support. In this article, we consider a more biologically plausible account of extraverts' affective-reactivity. Over 5 experiments, we demonstrate that extraverts show greater affective-reactivity only in response to clearly appetitive stimuli and situations (e.g., where rewards are being pursued). Conversely, after merely pleasant stimuli and situations (without any reward-approach element), extraverts and introverts respond similarly. We also show that it is specifically activated affect (e.g., feelings of alertness), rather than pleasantly valenced affect (e.g., feelings of contentment), that characterizes the affective-reactivity of extraverts. Such reactions may potentially facilitate the reward-seeking behavior associated with extraversion, but they seem unlikely to explain the broadly happy disposition of extraverts.

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“…A number of recent studies have started to indicate that OGM can be induced in healthy volunteers (Yeung et al, 2006) and reduced in depressed individuals (NeshatDoost et al, 2013). Yeung et al (2006) investigated whether reduced autobiographical memory specificity (AMS) could be induced in healthy volunteers with no history of depression, using a negative mood manipulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yeung et al (2006) investigated whether reduced autobiographical memory specificity (AMS) could be induced in healthy volunteers with no history of depression, using a negative mood manipulation. Results showed a reduction in AMS following negative mood induction, compared to a neutral induction, whereas positive mood induction had no effect on AMS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autobiographical Memory Response to a Negative Mood in Those With/Without a History of Depression

Mitchell

2015

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Abstract:In this study, we investigated the accessibility of overgeneral autobiographical memories (OGM) and specific memories by observing the effects of induced negative mood state on the characteristics of memory recall in those with and without a previous history of a depression. The Sentence Completion for Events from the Past Test (SCEPT) was used to assess OGM. The effects of previous history of depression (without history or with previous history of depression) and self-reported mood (pre or post negative mood induction) on autobiographical recall was shown in a mixed factor design. A significant interaction was observed between time and group in their effects on general memories (F(1, 32) = 5.06, p = .032) and specific memory (F(1, 32) = 4.88, p = .034), such that the previous history of depression group experienced a larger increase in general memory and a larger reduction in specific memory from pre to post manipulation.

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Reduced specificity of autobiographical memories following a negative mood induction

Cited by 53 publications

References 25 publications

Autobiographical memory after acute stress in healthy young men

Autobiographical memory after acute stress in healthy young men

Do extraverts get more bang for the buck? Refining the affective-reactivity hypothesis of extraversion.

Autobiographical Memory Response to a Negative Mood in Those With/Without a History of Depression

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