Reducing ageism toward older adults and highlighting older adults as contributors during the COVID‐19 pandemic

Lytle, Ashley; Levy, Sheri R.

doi:10.1111/josi.12545

Cited by 31 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Stereotypes about older people are ambivalent and, thus, encompass positive and negative traits, such as being perceived as poor in health and fragile, warm but incompetent, inflexible and lacking of competitiveness but friendly and lovely grandparents, wise but dispensable individuals unable to contribute to society (e.g., review of international literature in Cuddy & Fiske, 2002 ; Fiske et al., 2002 ; Levy & Banaji, 2002 ; Raina & Balodi, 2014 ). The normalization and perpetuation of stereotypes is facilitated by mass media too, which often portray older individuals in a stereotyped manner as narrow‐minded, fragile, diseased, and incompetent (Cuddy et al., 2005 ; Levy and Banaji, 2002 ; American participants in Lytle & Levy, 2019 ; Raina & Balodi, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As for discrimination against older people, it emerged in a variety of life‐domains such as interpersonal communications, politics, workplace, and healthcare (for reviews of international literature see Lytle & Levy, 2019 ; Mucchi Faina, 2013 ; Ng, 1998 ; Raina & Balodi, 2014 ; for recent research on discrimination during the pandemic see Lloyd‐Sherlock et al., 2022 ). In workplace, older people are devalued in their competence and potentials and, thus, they often experience a lack of work opportunities (e.g., Abrams et al., 2016 ; systematic review conducted on data from 45 countries in Chang et al., 2020 ; North & Fiske, 2016 ; Raina & Balodi, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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“You are stealing our present”: Younger people's ageism towards older people predicts attitude towards age‐based COVID‐19 restriction measures

Spaccatini

Giovannelli

Pacilli

2022

Journal of Social Issues

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The COVID‐19 pandemic emerged to be a fertile ground for age‐based prejudice and discrimination. In particular, a growing literature investigated ageism towards older people at the individual and the interpersonal level, providing evidence of its prevalence, antecedents and negative consequences. However, less much is known on the phenomenon at the intergroup level. To fill this gap, the present correlational research investigated the effects of younger people's endorsement of ageism towards older people on the attitude towards COVID‐19 restriction measures primarily targeted to older (vs. younger) population. In the autumn of 2020, five hundred and eighty‐two Italian participants (83.3% females; M age = 20.02, SD age = 2.83) completed an online questionnaire. Results revealed that the younger people's endorsement of ageism towards older people increased the attribution of culpability for the severity of COVID‐19 restriction measures to older (vs. younger) people, which, in turn positively affected the attitudes towards older (vs. younger) people isolation and support for selective lockdown on older population only. The main contributions of the study, limitations, future research directions, and practice implications are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“You are stealing our present”: Younger people's ageism towards older people predicts attitude towards age‐based COVID‐19 restriction measures

Spaccatini

Giovannelli

Pacilli

2022

Journal of Social Issues

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“…Recent research highlights that the COVID-19 health and safety measures have led to increased mental health problems, such as increased feelings of depression, anxiety, social isolation, and loneliness, potentially cognitive decline (Allen et al 2021;Bailey et al, 2021;Dahlberg, 2021;Derrer-Merk et al, 2022b;Derrer-Merk et al, 2022a;Heidinger & Richter, 2020;Richter & Heidinger, 2021;Krendl & Perry, 2021;Litwin & Levinsky, 2021;De Pue et al 2021;Shahid et al, 2020;Smith et al, 2020;Cohn-Schwartz et al, 2022;Tsoukalis-Chaikalis et al, 2021;van Gerwen et al, 2021;Victor et al, 2022;Vrach &Tomar, 2020). Other studies reported the consequences of age discrimination (Derrer-Merk et al, 2022c;Lytle & Levy, 2022;MCDarby, 2022;Drury et al, 2022;Kanik et al, 2022;Spaccatini et al, 2022;Sutter et al, 2022;Swift & Chasteen, 2021;). Risk communication and how it is perceived by society are also important aspects of risk management in a pandemic such as COVID-19 (Sandman, 2003(Sandman, , 2022.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Older adults’ experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. A qualitative systematic literature review.

Derrer‐Merk¹,

Rodrigez²,

Soulsby³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Objectives: Relatively little is known about the lived experiences of older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. We systematically review the international literature to understand the lived experiences of older adult’s experiences during the pandemic.Design and methodology: This study uses a meta-ethnographical approach to investigate the included studies. The analyses were undertaken with constructivist grounded theory. Results: 32 studies met the inclusion criteria and only five papers were of low quality. Most, but not all studies, were from the global north. We identified six themes: risk communication; discrimination; social connectivity; well-being; coping. Overall, the studies’ findings were varied and reflected different times during the pandemic. Studies reported about the impact of mass media messaging and its mostly negative impact on older adults. Many studies highlighted the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on participants' social connectivity and well-being such as missing the proximity of loved ones and in consequence experienced and increase in anxiety, feeling of depression, or loneliness. Some studies focused on discrimination in particular studies investigating the experiences of LGBT and immigration participants. They found that the pandemic impacted on the participants well-being such as suicidal risk behaviour, loss of friendship, and increase mental health issues. Additionally, many studies reported how participants adapted to the change of lifestyle such as using new ways of communication, and following social distancing advice. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted and impacted older adults’ well-being worldwide. Despite the cultural and socio-economic differences many commonalities were found. Studies described the impact of mass media reporting, discrimination, social connectivity, impact on well-being, and coping. The authors suggest that these findings need to be acknowledged for future pandemic strategies. Additionally, the process of policy-making needs to include older adults to address their particular needs. PROSPERO record [CRD42022331714]

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“…At other times, it is used as a tool that facilitates interpretation and the production of meaning. In any event, qualitative content analysis can provide descriptions and interpretations (Lindgren et al., 2020 ). In this study, we mainly used this method to describe and compare the relevant data from each campaign.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eradicating ageism through social campaigns: An Israeli case study in the shadows of the COVID‐19 pandemic

Okun

Ayalon

2022

Journal of Social Issues

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This study examined three social campaigns for the eradication of ageism that were undertaken in Israel during the COVID‐19 pandemic (April, 2020–May, 2021). The documentation and analysis of the campaigns were undertaken via the lens of the Theory of Change and Five Key Principles for social campaigns: planning strategically, communicating effectively, fostering community engagement, implementing key activities, and using research. We conducted desk reviews and qualitative interviews with the campaigns’ organizers. The Theory of Change implemented by the campaigns targeted self‐ageism among independent older people and/or employers of older adults. All campaigns emphasized “active aging” and “successful aging,” to decrease (self)‐ageism. The focus on one dimension of active and positive aging may result in ageism and exclusion of older people who do not fit into the category of independent and active people. The complex timing of the campaigns had influenced the degree of implementation of the five key principles. The joining of forces of different organizations and the employment of more diverse representations of old age, may facilitate the achievement of campaign goals. Finally, an empirical evaluation of social campaigns’ efforts is still necessary to gather evidence about the effectiveness of social campaigns.

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Reducing ageism toward older adults and highlighting older adults as contributors during the COVID‐19 pandemic

Cited by 31 publications

References 93 publications

“You are stealing our present”: Younger people's ageism towards older people predicts attitude towards age‐based COVID‐19 restriction measures

“You are stealing our present”: Younger people's ageism towards older people predicts attitude towards age‐based COVID‐19 restriction measures

Older adults’ experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. A qualitative systematic literature review.

Eradicating ageism through social campaigns: An Israeli case study in the shadows of the COVID‐19 pandemic

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