Reducing auxiliary energy consumption of heavy trucks by onboard prediction and real-time optimization

Khodabakhshian, Mohammad; Feng, Lei; Börjesson, Stefan; Lindgärde, Olof; Wikander, Jan

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.11.118

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The high reliability mathematical model predicts the future system status, the objective function determines the controlled parameters, and the optimal output sequence obtains the control horizon with respect to the state update and the repeated optimization equation solution [15,16]. Mohammad generated a model predictive control scheme for the thermal management of heavy trucks [17]. The comprehensive energy consumption of the system can be reduced by 38% through the implementation of reasonable coordination in the energy distribution of each component and the braking recovery.…”

Section: Trend Towards Electronic Thermal Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical Calculation Method of Model Predictive Control for Integrated Vehicle Thermal Management Based on Underhood Coupling Thermal Transmission

Gao

Liu

et al. 2019

Energies

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The nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) controller is designed for an engine cooling system and aims to control the pump speed and fan speed according to the thermal load, vehicle speed, and ambient temperature in real time with respect to the coolant temperature and comprehensive energy consumption of the system, which serve as the targets. The system control model is connected to the underhood computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model by the coupling thermal transmission equation. For the intricate thermal management process predictive control and system control performance analysis, a coupling multi-thermodynamic system nonlinear model for integrated vehicle thermal management was established. The concept of coupling factor was proposed to provide the boundary conditions considering the thermal transmission interaction of multiple heat exchangers for the radiator module. Using the coupling factor, the thermal flow influence of the structural characteristics in the engine compartment was described with the lumped parameter method, thereby simplifying the space geometric feature numerical calculation. In this way, the coupling between the multiple thermodynamic systems mathematical model and multidimensional nonlinear CFD model was realized, thereby achieving the simulation and analysis of the integrated thermal management multilevel cooperative control process based on the underhood structure design. The research results indicated an excellent capability of the method for integrated control analysis, which contributed to solving the design, analysis, and optimization problems for vehicle thermal management. Compared to the traditional engine cooling mode, the NMPC thermal management scheme clearly behaved the better temperature controlling effects and the lower system energy consumption. The controller could further improve efficiency with reasonable coordination of the convective thermal transfer intensity between the liquid and air sides. In addition, the thermal transfer structures in the engine compartment could also be optimized.

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Section: Trend Towards Electronic Thermal Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…air,r in , T air,r in , . m r , T c,r in(17) where f radiator is the radiator thermal transmission function established by the mathematical model of the cooling system and reflects the relationship between. Q r and T air,r in .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Calculation Method of Model Predictive Control for Integrated Vehicle Thermal Management Based on Underhood Coupling Thermal Transmission

Gao

Liu

et al. 2019

Energies

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“…The electric engine cooling system uses electric motors to drive the coolant pump and/or the radiator fan. The higher energy efficiency and better controllability of the electric motors achieve less auxiliary fuel consumption and better engine thermal management [1]- [9]. Another new technology beneficial for both fuel economy and engine thermal management is the active grille/radiator shutter (AGS) [10]- [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the latter case, the generated electricity is free and can significantly reduce the fuel consumption of the electric cooling system. Energy buffers of the electric cooling system are elaborated in Section 1.2 of [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel Minimization of the Electric Engine Cooling System With Active Grille Shutter by Iterative Quadratic Programming

Feng

Wikander

2020

IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.

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The electric engine cooling system with the active grille shutter requires intelligent and predictive control to reach its full benefits on fuel economy and thermal management. Conventional control methods regulate the coolant temperature to a fixed value but do not directly minimize the vehicle's fuel/energy consumption. By contrast, we design a fuel minimization controller through solving constraint nonlinear optimization problems, whose cost function is the total fuel consumption and constraints are the vehicle's physical limits. To achieve high computational efficiency and sufficient accuracy, the optimization problem is solved by iterative convex quadratic programming and quasilinearization. The advantages of the proposed control method on both fuel economy and engine thermal management are demonstrated by simulations.

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“…Hybrid powertrains already became an affordable and popular approach to higher fuel efficiency and there are many successful products from Toyota, Honda, Volvo, BYD and so on. In addition to improving the energy efficiency of powertrains, the auxiliary systems, such as the power-assisted steering and brake and thermal management system, are also optimized for better energy efficiency [11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Optimal Road Grade Design for Minimizing Ground Vehicle Energy Consumption

Liu

Feng

2017

Energies

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Abstract:Reducing energy consumption of ground vehicles is a paramount pursuit in academia and industry. Even though the road infrastructural has a significant influence on vehicular fuel consumption, the majority of the R&D efforts are dedicated to improving vehicles. Little investigation has been made in the optimal design of the road infrastructure to minimize the total fuel consumption of all vehicles running on it. This paper focuses on this overlooked design problem and the design parameters of the optimal road infrastructure is the profile of road grade angle between two fixed points. We assume that all vehicles on the road follow a given acceleration profile between the two given points. The mean value of the energy consumptions of all vehicles running on the road is defined as the objective function. The optimization problem is solved both analytically by Pontryagin's minimum principle and numerically by dynamic programming. The two solutions agree well. A large number of Monte Carlo simulations show that the vehicles driving on the road with the optimal road grade consume up to 31.7% less energy than on a flat road. Finally, a rough cost analysis justifies the economic advantage of building the optimal road profile.

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Reducing auxiliary energy consumption of heavy trucks by onboard prediction and real-time optimization

Cited by 20 publications

References 31 publications

Numerical Calculation Method of Model Predictive Control for Integrated Vehicle Thermal Management Based on Underhood Coupling Thermal Transmission

Numerical Calculation Method of Model Predictive Control for Integrated Vehicle Thermal Management Based on Underhood Coupling Thermal Transmission

Fuel Minimization of the Electric Engine Cooling System With Active Grille Shutter by Iterative Quadratic Programming

The Optimal Road Grade Design for Minimizing Ground Vehicle Energy Consumption

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