Reducing Cyclic Variability While Regulating Combustion Phasing in a Four-Cylinder HCCI Engine

Hellström, Erik; Larimore, Jacob; Jade, Shyam; Stefanopoulou, Anna G.; Jiang, Li

doi:10.1109/tcst.2013.2271355

Cited by 36 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…77,78 Numerical nonlinear controllers have been developed and exercised in simulation, 79,80 and most recently, model-based control of experimental engines has been documented. 48,81 Work continues to extend diagnostic capabilities, with prospect for control, even into highly unstable HCCI operation. 82 Other combustion regimes besides HCCI can benefit from similar approaches.…”

Section: Future Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invited Review: A review of deterministic effects in cyclic variability of internal combustion engines

Finney

Kaul

Daw

et al. 2015

International Journal of Engine Research

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We review developments in the understanding of cycle-to-cycle variability in internal combustion engines, with a focus on spark-ignited and premixed combustion conditions. Much of the research on cyclic variability has focused on stochastic aspects, that is, features that can be modeled as inherently random with no short-term predictability. In some cases, models of this type appear to work very well at describing experimental observations, but the lack of predictability limits control options. Also, even when the statistical properties of the stochastic variations are known, it can be very difficult to discern their underlying physical causes and thus mitigate them. Some recent studies have demonstrated that under some conditions, cyclic combustion variations can have a relatively high degree of low-dimensional deterministic structure, which implies some degree of predictability and potential for real-time control. These deterministic effects are typically more pronounced near critical stability limits (e.g. near tipping points associated with ignition or flame propagation) such during highly dilute fueling or near the onset of homogeneous charge compression ignition. We review recent progress in experimental and analytical characterization of cyclic variability where low-dimensional, deterministic effects have been observed. We describe some theories about the sources of these dynamical features and discuss prospects for interactive control and improved engine designs. Taken as a whole, the research summarized here implies that the deterministic component of cyclic variability will become a pivotal issue (and potential opportunity) as engine manufacturers strive to meet aggressive emissions and fuel economy regulations in the coming decades.

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Section: Future Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invited Review: A review of deterministic effects in cyclic variability of internal combustion engines

Finney

Kaul

Daw

et al. 2015

International Journal of Engine Research

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“…Characterizing and understanding this increased θ 50 CV is important as steady-state controllers designed to regulate combustion phasing in the late phasing high CV region have been shown to be destabilizing in the normal phasing stable regions and vice-versa [14], [15], [19]. The controller must know the current nature of the combustion dynamics while determining the control input to be applied in the next cycle.…”

Section: CV In Hccimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In low-order control-oriented HCCI models [11], [14], [15], [19], the high CV dynamic behavior at late phasings manifests itself as a negative discrete eigenvalue, which is associated with oscillatory dynamics. Researchers differ on the physical explanation for this negative eigenvalue.…”

Section: A Unburned Fuel Dynamics As the Primary Cause Of High CVmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled Load and Speed Transitions in a Multicylinder Recompression HCCI Engine

Jade

Larimore

Hellström

et al. 2015

IEEE Trans. Contr. Syst. Technol.

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A model-based control strategy to track combustion phasing during load and speed transitions in the homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) operating region of a multimode combustion engine is presented in this paper. HCCI transitions can traverse regions of high cyclic variability (CV), even if the steady state transition end points are stable with low CV. A control-oriented HCCI model for both the stable, low CV region and the oscillatory, high CV, late phasing region is used to design a controller that uses valve and fuel injection timings to track combustion phasing. Novel aspects of the controller include nonlinear model-inversion-based feedforward and gain scheduled feedback based on unburned fuel that reduces transient CV. Transitions tested on a multicylinder HCCI engine include load transitions at fixed engine speeds, simultaneous load, and speed transitions, and select FTP75 drive-cycle transitions with high load slew rates. Good combustion phasing tracking performance is demonstrated, and misfires are prevented.

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“…In-cylinder pressure feedback control finds application in classical spark-ignition engines 5,6 and compression ignition engines, 7,8 but also in advanced combustion concepts. [9][10][11][12] Control is an important topic for modern internal combustion engines and will even become more important as the systems are getting more complex in the future. [13][14][15] General information about engine control and modeling can be found in the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast and robust adaptation of lookup tables in internal combustion engines: feedback and feedforward controllers designed independently

Zurbriggen

Ott

Onder

2015

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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Adaptive feedforward control is a common approach for handling uncertainties and time-varying effects in automotive control applications. The adaptation of the feedforward controller, usually formed by a lookup table, is often combined with a linear feedback controller. The feedforward controller is used to overcome the nonlinearities that are due to variations of the operating point. The feedback controller is used to deal with fast disturbances. If the system behavior is changing, for example due to varying fuel qualities or aging effects, the feedforward controller has to be adapted. A common problem is the fact that the bandwidths of the feedback controller and the adaptation of the feedforward controller have to be separated, i.e. the adaptation of the feedforward controller has to be slower than the feedback controller. Otherwise, the coupling effects lead to an unexpected behavior of the control system, which may also lead to instability. This paper presents an analysis of this effect using a linear representation of the adaptation of the feedforward controller. Based on the results of this analysis, the paper presents a method to decouple the feedback controller and the adaptation of the feedforward controller, which allows a fast adaptation of the feedforward controller. Ideally, the adaptation is as fast as the feedback controller. The system is then able to adapt during operating point transients without the need to stay at some operating points for longer periods. The proposed method does not depend on the structure of the feedforward controller, nor does it depend on the method of the adaptation. Experiments on a natural gas-diesel dual-fuel engine are used to validate the proposed method.

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Reducing Cyclic Variability While Regulating Combustion Phasing in a Four-Cylinder HCCI Engine

Cited by 36 publications

References 19 publications

Invited Review: A review of deterministic effects in cyclic variability of internal combustion engines

Invited Review: A review of deterministic effects in cyclic variability of internal combustion engines

Controlled Load and Speed Transitions in a Multicylinder Recompression HCCI Engine

Fast and robust adaptation of lookup tables in internal combustion engines: feedback and feedforward controllers designed independently

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