Reducing inequalities in lung cancer incidence through smoking policies

Abstract

Even under the best scenarios, inequality in lung cancer was not fully eliminated within 45 years period. Though the process is lengthy, rigorous interventions may reduce the expected widening of the future inequalities in lung cancer. Modelling exercise such as ours relies heavily on the quality of the input data and the assumptions, thus caution is needed in interpretation of our findings and should consider all the assumptions taken in the analysis.

Simulation Models for Socioeconomic Inequalities in Health: A Systematic Review

“…The 61 studies selected [19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79] were published between 1989 and 2013 (Figure 2). They were conducted in all continents: America (n = 28), Europe (n = 16), Asia (n = 10), Africa (n = 5) and Australia (n = 3) (Table A2).…”

“…The MISCAN model projects US cancer population trends and was used to test the impact of cancer screening [39,40,45,50]. The Prevent model estimates the health benefits in a population due to changes in risk factor prevalence and was used to test the impact of interventions to prevent smoking [52,54]. The Life Saved Tool projects the reduction in the mortality rates and stunting that could be achieved if the coverage levels of specific interventions were increased on the basis of baseline characteristics, demographic characteristics, and coverage targets.…”

Prediction of cancer incidence in Tyrol/Austria for year of diagnosis 2020

“…Our PBR choice was the long 20-year period from 1990 to 2009. However, besides the between the socioeconomic groups can be reduced to some extent by targeted interventions against smoking [20], Menvielle et al investigated scenarios of future lung cancer incidence by educational level in Denmark [21], and Didkowska et al predicted lung cancer incidence on the basis of forecasts of hypothetical changes in smoking habits [22].…”

Social Determinants of Population Health: A Systems Sciences Approach

“…In this model, we observed an equally slight reduction in the annual prevalence of violent victimization from implementing either hot-spot policing for 10 years or increasing CBT by 100% for 30 years; however, the joint implementation of hot-spot policing and a 50% increase in CBT resulted in a similar reduction in just five years. Our observation that interventions can work synergistically to obtain optimum improvement in population health has been replicated across several similar studies that have employed systems science methods [57, 46, 33, 47, 59]. Because the development, implementation, and long-term evaluation of community health interventions can be costly, ABMs have provided a particularly attractive opportunity to sequentially evaluate several competing interventions to determine those most likely to provide population health benefits.…”