Reducing Injury of Lettuce from Phosphine Fumigation

Liu, Samuel S.; Liu, Yong‐Biao

doi:10.21273/horttech.24.2.188

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Moreover, lettuce fumigated in the presence of CO 2 absorbent had less injuries and better quality as compared with controls. This also conÞrmed our previous results that CO 2 absorbent is beneÞcial in preserving lettuce postharvest quality during the cold storage (Liu and Liu 2014a). After harvest, lettuce in cold storage will maintain high respiration rates for up to 4 d (Martṍnez and Arté s, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Oxygenated Phosphine Fumigation for Control of <I>Epiphyas postvittana</I> (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Eggs on Lettuce

Liu

Simmons

2014

j econ entomol

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Light brown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana (Walker), is a quarantined pest in most countries. Its establishment in California and potential spread to other parts of the state and beyond make it urgent to develop effective postharvest treatments to control the pest on fresh commodities. Fumigation with cylindered phosphine at low temperature has emerged to be a practical methyl bromide alternative treatment for postharvest pest control on fresh commodities. However, its use to control E. postvittana eggs on sensitive commodities such as lettuce is problematic. E. postvittana eggs are tolerant of phosphine and long phosphine treatment also injures lettuce. In the current study, E. postvittana eggs were subjected to oxygenated phosphine fumigations to develop an effective treatment at a low storage temperature of 2 degrees C. In addition, soda lime as a CO2 absorbent was tested to determine its effects in reducing and preventing injuries to lettuce associated with phosphine fumigations. Three-day fumigation with 1,000 ppm phosphine under 60% O2 achieved 100% mortality of E. postvittana eggs in small-scale laboratory tests. In the presence of the CO2 absorbent, a 3-d large-scale fumigation of lettuce with 1,700 ppm phosphine under 60% O2 resulted in a relative egg mortality of 99.96% without any negative effect on lettuce quality. The 3-d fumigation treatment without the CO2 absorbent, however, resulted in significant injuries to lettuce and consequential quality reductions. The study demonstrated that oxygenated phosphine fumigation has the potential to control E. postvittana eggs and the CO2 absorbent has the potential to prevent injuries and quality reductions of lettuce associated with long-term oxygenated phosphine fumigation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Oxygenated Phosphine Fumigation for Control of <I>Epiphyas postvittana</I> (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Eggs on Lettuce

Liu

Simmons

2014

j econ entomol

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“…at CO 2 concentration levels surpassing their CO 2 tolerance limits. Typical CO 2 ‐sensitive fresh products benefited with application of CO 2 absorbers are pear, 41 banana, 45 jujube, 42 mushroom, 50 lettuce, 49 endive, 20 cucumber, 48 tomato 47 and eggplant 46 (Table 5).…”

Section: Co2 Absorbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active food packaging to control carbon dioxide

et al. 2021

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Keeping certain level of carbon dioxide concentration along with a desired oxygen concentration in food packages is helpful in preserving a variety of foods, and thus, active packaging technology to control CO 2 has been reviewed here in perspective of optimized package design. For whatever product packages, tailoring interaction among the gas, food product and packaging material is essential for realization of positive role and function of CO 2 : antimicrobial activity, prevention of oxidation, preferred sensory quality, maintenance of package integrity and extension of shelf life.Gas absorbers, emitters or active valves may be applied for this purpose, and commercial products are available in market. However, these active devices should be applied in harmony with food's CO 2 production and dissolution. Elements or factors involved in the design process are examined by looking over scientific literature.Mass balance relationship combined with dissolution equilibration for active food package has been presented to control CO 2 concentration and package wholesomeness in beneficial and desired way. Atmosphere estimation of roasted coffee packages was presented as case study for tackling the task of attaining the desired condition.

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“…Low temperature fumigation with cylindered phosphine was effective against western flower thrips but required 3 days at a high dose to be effective to control lettuce aphid . Long treatment time like 3 days also caused injuries to lettuce due to accumulation of CO 2 from plant respiration . Oxygenated phosphine fumigation had higher efficacy than regular phosphine fumigation, but its commercial applications in the future are not clear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%