Reducing N losses (NH3, N2o, N2) and immobilization from slurry through optimized application techniques

Dosch, P.; Gutser, R.

doi:10.1007/bf00747697

Cited by 58 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Surprisingly, significant N 2 O peaks showed up only 1 week after the onset of the treatments in BGW at both soil moisture levels and at all N rates. Daily N 2 O emissions in our experiment were consistent with earlier studies which reported maximum daily fluxes of 0.6 kg N 2 O‐N ha −1 day −1 34, 35. When comparing fertilizer types, other studies also reported that mineral‐N addition initially increased N 2 O emissions compared with soils with organic fertilizer additions;12, 13 however, in both studies mineral‐N was applied as CAN with 50% N being in the form of NO

_{3}^{−}

.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Contribution of nitrification and denitrification to nitrous oxide emissions from soils after application of biogas waste and other fertilizers

Şenbayram¹,

Chen²,

Mühling³

et al. 2009

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

118

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The attribution of nitrous oxide (N(2)O) emission to organic and inorganic N fertilizers requires understanding of how these inputs affect the two biological processes, i.e. denitrification and nitrification. Contradictory findings have been reported when the effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on nitrous oxide emission were compared. Here we aimed to contribute to the understanding of such variation using (15)N-labelling techniques. We determined the processes producing N(2)O, and tested the effects of soil moisture, N rates, and the availability of organic matter. In a pot experiment, we compared soil treated with biogas waste (BGW) and mineral ammonium sulphate (Min-N) applied at four rates under two soil moisture regimes. We also tested biogas waste, conventional cattle slurry and mineral N fertilizer in a grassland field experiment. During the first 37 days after application we observed N(2)O emissions of 5.6 kg N(2)O-N ha(-1) from soils supplied with biogas waste at a rate of 360 kg N ha(-1). Fluxes were ca. 5-fold higher at 85% than at 65% water holding capacity (WHC). The effects of fertilizer types and N rates on N(2)O emission were significant only when the soil moisture was high. Organic fertilizer treated soils showed much higher N(2)O emissions than those receiving mineral fertilizer in both, pot and field experiment. Over all the treatments the percentage of the applied N emitted as N(2)O was 2.56% in BGW but only 0.68% in Min-N. In the pot experiment isotope labelling indicated that 65-95% of the N(2)O was derived from denitrification for all fertilizer types. However, the ratio of denitrification/nitrification derived N(2)O was lower at 65% than at 85% WHC. We speculate that the application of organic matter in conjunction with ammonium nitrogen first leads to a decrease in denitrification-derived N(2)O emission compared with soil receiving mineral fertilizer. However, at later stages when denitrification becomes C-limited, higher N(2)O emissions are induced when the soil moisture is high.

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_{3}^{−}

.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Contribution of nitrification and denitrification to nitrous oxide emissions from soils after application of biogas waste and other fertilizers

Şenbayram¹,

Chen²,

Mühling³

et al. 2009

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

118

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show abstract

“…-N, enhancing the direct soil N supply to crops; or that the mineral N is scarcely immobilised in soil because the remaining organic substance added via digested slurry is highly stable (i.e. it is less prone to promote immobilization of N), resulting in a higher N availability (Freytag and Rausch 1982;Kirchmann and Lundvall 1993;Dosch and Gutser 1996). The results obtained for spring wheat agree very well with results reported in the literature based on pot experiments (Koriath et al 1985;Gutser et al 1987Gutser et al , 1997Kirchmann and Lundvall 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of different manuring systems with and without biogas digestion on nitrogen cycle and crop yield in mixed organic dairy farming systems

Möller

Stinner

Deuker

et al. 2008

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

174

134

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Field trials were carried out between 2002 and 2005 to investigate the effects of biogas digestion in a mixed organic dairy farming system with arable land and grassland on nutrient cycling, nitrogen (N) uptake and crop yields within a cropping system comprising a whole crop rotation. Five treatments were carried out: (i) solid farmyard manure, (ii) undigested liquid slurry, (iii) digested liquid slurry, (iv) digestion of liquid slurry and field residues such as crop residues and cover crops, and (v) similar to iv, but with additional N inputs at the equivalent of 40 kg N ha -1 farmland through digestion of purchased substrates. The term ''manure'' is used in the present study to mean all kind of aboveground organic residues left on the field (''immobile manures'', such as crop residues and green manures incorporated directly into the soil) or added as stable wastes or effluents of biogas digestion (''mobile manures''). The total aboveground biomass growth and the overall aboveground N uptake of non-legume maincrops were higher in the liquid slurry manure treatment than in the solid farmyard manure system (?5% and ?9%, respectively). The digestion of the liquid slurry increased N uptake and crop yields only after soil incorporation of the slurry shortly after field spreading. The additional collection and digestion of field residues such as cover crops and crop residues, combined with a reallocation of the effluents, strongly increased the amounts of ''mobile'' manure, allowing a more focussed allocation of the available N. This led to an increase in the aboveground N uptake (?12%) and biomass yield (?4%) of the five non-legume crops, due to a better adapted allocation of nutrients in space and time. Results obtained with spring wheat showed that removal of cover crops in autumn, and their digestion, combined with subsequent use as manure in spring resulted in a better synchronisation of the crop N demand and the soil N availability, in comparison with a strategy where the biomass was left on the field as green (immobile) manure. The inclusion of external substrates led to a further increase of 8% in N uptake, but not to a significant increase in aboveground dry matter yields.

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“…In the digestate treatment, the N content in kohlrabi tissues was significantly lower as a result of limited mineralisation of organically bound N within the short time interval. Furthermore the addition of readily degradable C compounds may have led to immobilisation of mineral N in soil [26]. In terms of the other nutrients, there were mostly no significant differences between the treatments.…”

Section: Macronutrients Content Of the Bulbsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…It is difficult to synchronise the supply of N from organic manures with the demand by crops for N [25]. Soil microbial activity leads to N release that is not necessarily in synchrony with plant nutrient demand [26]. The elevated NH 4 + -N concentration in digested effluents suggests its potential suitability as a readily available N fertiliser source.…”

Section: Post-harvest Changes In Soil Chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digestate from Biogas Plants is an Attractive Alternative to Mineral Fertilisation of Kohlrabi

Lošák¹,

Hlušek²,

Zatloukalová³

et al. 2014

J. sustain. dev. energy water environ. syst.

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Reducing N losses (NH3, N2o, N2) and immobilization from slurry through optimized application techniques

Cited by 58 publications

References 11 publications

Contribution of nitrification and denitrification to nitrous oxide emissions from soils after application of biogas waste and other fertilizers

Contribution of nitrification and denitrification to nitrous oxide emissions from soils after application of biogas waste and other fertilizers

Effects of different manuring systems with and without biogas digestion on nitrogen cycle and crop yield in mixed organic dairy farming systems

Digestate from Biogas Plants is an Attractive Alternative to Mineral Fertilisation of Kohlrabi

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