Reducing the risk of transfusion‐transmissible viral infection through blood donor selection: the Australian experience 2000 through 2006

Polizzotto, Mark N.; Wood, Erica M.; Ingham, Helen; Keller, A. J.

doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2007.01482.x

Cited by 69 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(90 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A much higher HBsAg prevalence (8.1%) was detected in 480 healthcare workers investigated by Kondili et al [62] in 2004 in Albania, in accordance with the widespread of HBV infection in this country. In this study, the highest rates of HBsAg positivity were found in the youngest age group (11.4% in the aged [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] and in the auxiliaries (12.6%), but a high HBsAg prevalence (7.2%-7.5%) was also found in the healthcare workers aged over 30. The anti-HBc seroprevalence was also extremely high (70%) in this study and was associated with an age over 40 (OR = 2.9; 95%CI: 1.9-4.6).…”

Section: Studies On Hbv Infection In Healthcare Workersmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Worthy of note, the screening of blood donors for markers of HBV infection has dramatically reduced the risk of HBV transmission through the transfusions of blood and blood products. At present, this risk is estimated as 1-4 cases per million blood components transfused in low-prevalence areas [29] and around 1 case per 20000 blood transfusions in high-prevalence regions [30] . The transfusion of infected blood and blood products was the most prominent route of transmission of HCV infection until 1989 [1,31] .…”

Section: Risk Factors For the Acquisition Of Hbv And Hcv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection in healthcare workers

Coppola

Pascalis

Onorato

et al. 2016

WJH

128

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Approximately 3 million healthcare workers per year receive an injury with an occupational instrument, with around 2000000 exposures to hepatitis B virus (HBV) and 1000000 to hepatitis C virus (HCV). Although an effective HBV vaccine has been available since the early eighties, and despite the worldwide application of universal vaccination programs started in the early nineties, HBV still remains a prominent agent of morbidity and mortality. There is no vaccine to limit the diffusion of HCV infection, which progresses to chronicity in the majority of cases and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide due to a chronic liver disease. Healthcare workers are frequently exposed by a mucosal-cutaneous or percutaneous route to accidental contact with human blood and other potentially infectious biological materials while carrying out their occupational duties. Mucosal-cutaneous exposure occurs when the biological material of a potentially infected patient accidentally comes in contact with the mucous membranes of the eyes or mouth or with the skin of a healthcare worker. Percutaneous exposure occurs when an operator accidentally injures himself with a sharp contaminated object, like a needle, blade or other sharp medical instrument. About 75% of the total occupational exposure is percutaneous and 25% mucosal-cutaneous, the risk of infecting a healthcare worker being higher in percutaneous than in mucosal-cutaneous exposure. All healthcare workers should be considered for HBV vaccination and should meticulously apply the universal prophylactic measures to prevent exposure to HBV and HCV.

show abstract

Section: Studies On Hbv Infection In Healthcare Workersmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Risk Factors For the Acquisition Of Hbv And Hcv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection in healthcare workers

Coppola

Pascalis

Onorato

et al. 2016

WJH

128

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Additionally, new pathogens transmitted by risky behavior that are not yet tested in blood donors may appear 26 . The selection of donors is still the only way to prevent the transmission of infected blood donated during the immunological testing window 8,27,28 . One of the steps in this selection is the confi dential self-exclusion (CSE) form on which the blood donors can exclude their donated blood without providing any justifi cation 28,29 .…”

Section: Methods Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive serology for viral hepatitis and donor self-exclusion in Southern Brazil

Maccarini

Nazário

Ferreira

et al. 2013

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Despite the great advances in serological testing for transfusion-transmitted infections, the selection of blood donors by blood bank operators remains the only way to avoid transmission within the testing window period. Part of this selection is the self-exclusion form, on which the donors can exclude their blood from donation without any explanation. This study assessed the clinical and epidemiological characteristics related to positivity for viral hepatitis and to the use of the confi dential self-exclusion (CSE) form. Methods: This transversal study analyzed the data collected from blood donors' fi les in a hospital in Southern Brazil. Univariate and multivariate analyses identifi ed the clinical and epidemiological variables related to positive serologies of viral hepatitis and to whether the donor was self-excluded. Results: Of the 3,180 donors included in this study, 0.1% tested positive for HBsAg, 2.1% for anti-HBc, and 0.9% for anti-HCV. When the 93 donors with positive serologies for viral hepatitis were compared with those who were negative, a greater proportion of the positive serology group was found to have had a history of blood transfusions (OR=4.908; 95%CI=1.628 -14.799; p<0.01), had repeatedly donated (OR=2.147; 95%CI=1.236 -3.729; p<0.01), and used the CSE form for self-exclusion (OR=7.139; 95%CI=2.045 -24.923; p<0.01). No variables were independently associated with self-exclusion. Conclusions: A history of blood transfusion, repeated donations, and self-exclusion are factors that should be considered during viral hepatitis screenings in blood banks.

show abstract

“…Current deferral rates for at-risk behaviour suggest most donors acknowledge their risk; however, it is well documented that a few donors with transmissible infections do fail for one reason or another to declare their risk [42,43,44,45]. Inaccurate information may be communicated intentionally or unintentionally either because they misunderstood the questions asked or because they were unaware or have forgotten certain risk behaviour [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Testing of At-Risk Blood Donors for Trypanosoma cruzi and Plasmodium spp. in Switzerland

Niederhauser

Gottschalk

Tinguely

2016

Transfus Med Hemother

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Population migrations and overseas recreational travel to regions at risk for tropical diseases are increasing. A major challenge in non-endemic countries is to decrease the number of blood donor deferrals due those tropical disease pathogens, without compromising the high level of blood safety. The protozoans Trypanosoma cruzi and Plasmodium spp., the causative organisms of Chagas disease (CD) and malaria are becoming a major focus in the blood transfusion community. Methods: National guidelines of the Blood Transfusion Service of the Swiss Red Cross propose an algorithm for dealing with these pathogens, including a mandatory selective serological testing of donors at risk. Results: 6,978 donors at risk for CD were tested. Three of them were confirmed anti-T. cruzi-positive, and in one case a transfusion-transmitted infection was highly possible. The specificity of the assay was 99.94%. For malaria 12,887 donors were at risk and 178 were confirmed positive. The specificity of the assays was 92.8%. Conclusion: CD and malaria in non-endemic countries may represent a certain risk for blood transfusion. Switzerland chose a selective testing approach. The specificity of the assays is a crucial topic for this approach because it ensures a minimal loss of false-reactive donors and helps towards an easier counselling of implicated donors.

show abstract

Reducing the risk of transfusion‐transmissible viral infection through blood donor selection: the Australian experience 2000 through 2006

Cited by 69 publications

References 47 publications

Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection in healthcare workers

Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection in healthcare workers

Positive serology for viral hepatitis and donor self-exclusion in Southern Brazil

Selective Testing of At-Risk Blood Donors for Trypanosoma cruzi and Plasmodium spp. in Switzerland

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About