Reducing vividness and emotional intensity of recurrent “flashforwards” by taxing working memory: An analogue study

Engelhard, Iris M.; Hout, Marcel A. van den; Dek, Eliane C.P.; Giele, Catharina L.; Wielen, Jan-Willem van der; Reijnen, Marthe J.; Roij, Birgit van

doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2011.01.009

Cited by 92 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The effects of eye movements, tones and 'recall only' were strikingly similar in this respect. This finding is in line with recent studies showing that images of potential future catastrophes (so called 'flashforwards'; characteristic of patients with an anxiety disorder) respond in a similar way to interventions that tax working memory as negative images of past events (Engelhard, van den Hout, Dek et al, 2011). These results are further relevant as recent studies have shown that in a wide range of different disorders, clients' specific areas of concern are accompanied by vivid, frequent, and distressing forms of imagery.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The impact of eye movements and tones on disturbing memories involving PTSD and other mental disorders

Jongh

Ernst

Marqués

et al. 2013

Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The impact of eye movements and tones on disturbing memories involving PTSD and other mental disorders de Jongh, A.; Ernst, R.; Marques, L.; Hornsveld, H. General rightsIt is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulationsIf you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. Download date: 12 May 2018The impact of eye movements and tones on disturbing memories involving PTSD and other mental disorders Method: This study was aimed at investigating (1) the effects of taxing the working memory, as applied in EMDR, during recall of negative memories in 32 patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and 32 patients with other mental disorders, and (2) whether the results would differ between both groups. In a therapeutic session patients were asked to recollect a crucial upsetting memory while, in counterbalanced order (a) performing eye movements, (b) listening to tones and (c) watching a blank wall ('recall only'), each episode lasting six minutes.Results: Eye movements were found to be more effective in diminishing the emotionality of the memory than 'recall only'. There was a trend showing that tones were less effective than eye movements, but more effective than 'recall only'. The majority of patients (64%) preferred tones to continue with. The effects of taxing working memory on disturbing memories did not differ between PTSD patients and those diagnosed with other conditions. Conclusions:The findings provide further evidence for the value of employing eye movements in EMDR treatments. The results also support the notion that EMDR is a suitable option for resolving disturbing memories underlying a broader range of mental health problems than PTSD alone.3

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The impact of eye movements and tones on disturbing memories involving PTSD and other mental disorders

Jongh

Ernst

Marqués

et al. 2013

Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…O ver the past 15 years, memory researchers have published consistent evidence of the impact of eye movements (EMs) on working memory (Andrade, Kavanagh, & Baddeley, 1997;Engelhard et al, 2011;Engelhard, van Uijen, & van den Hout, 2010;Gunter & Bodner, 2008;Lilley, Andrade, Turpin, Sabin-Farrell, & Holmes, 2009;Maxfield, Melnyk, & Hayman, 2008;van den Hout et al, 2010;van den Hout et al, 2011). This evidence supports the hypothesis that working memory is critical in explaining the documented effects of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR; Bisson & Andrew, 2007;Schubert & Lee, 2009) on the intrusive memories of patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).…”

mentioning

confidence: 76%

A Commentary on : A Valid Test of Resource Development and Installation? Absolutely Not

Leeds¹,

Korn²

2012

J EMDR Prac Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Researchers have published evidence supporting both the “working memory” and the “REM/Orienting Response” hypotheses as mechanisms underlying the documented treatment effects of EMDR on patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. Hornsveld et al. (2011) provide additional evidence of the impact of eye movements (EMs) on aspects of positive memory recall, but overstate their findings relevance to resource development and installation (RDI: Korn & Leeds, 2002) and to the interhemispheric interaction hypothesis (Propper & Christman, 2008). Most likely multiple mechanisms underlie the observed effects of EMDR and RDI. The needed RDI test is to randomly assign patients with Disorders of Extreme Stress not Otherwise Specified with measured coping difficulties to alternate conditions: one an RDI procedure without bilateral (or other distracting) sensory stimulation and one with bilateral EMs.

show abstract

“…The content of recurrent intrusive imagery is usually very consistent in terms of what is depicted in the image (Engelhard et al, 2011;Schulze et al, 2013). Alongside ease of access, consistency is also a characteristic of the often complex visuospatial imagery that may develop as a mnemonic strategy among nonsynesthetes, including professional mnemonists.…”

Section: Involuntary Feeling and Consistency Are Not Unique To Synestmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing Synaesthesia

2015

Frontiers Research Topics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Reducing vividness and emotional intensity of recurrent “flashforwards” by taxing working memory: An analogue study

Cited by 92 publications

References 27 publications

The impact of eye movements and tones on disturbing memories involving PTSD and other mental disorders

The impact of eye movements and tones on disturbing memories involving PTSD and other mental disorders

A Commentary on : A Valid Test of Resource Development and Installation? Absolutely Not

Developing Synaesthesia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About