Reducing Vulnerability to Drought and Famine: Developmental Approaches to Relief

Anderson, Mary B.; Woodrow, Peter J.

doi:10.1111/j.1467-7717.1991.tb00426.x

Cited by 40 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Consequently, reducing disaster losses requires policies that address the root causes of disadvantage arising from the differential access to power associated with class and wealth, gender, ethnicity, and age. With some exceptions (e.g., Wisner, 1999;Oliver-Smith, 1999), much of the social vulnerability literature has concerned slow-onset or chronic disasters such as drought and famine in a developing country context (e.g., Blaikie et al, 1994;Bohle et al, 1994;Anderson and Woodrow, 1991;Watts and Bohle, 1993).…”

Section: Businesses and Disaster Vulnerabilitymentioning

confidence: 98%

Disaster vulnerability of businesses in the 2001 Nisqually earthquake

Chang

Falit-Baiamonte

2002

Environmental Hazards

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This paper examines the impacts of the February, 2001, Nisqually earthquake on businesses. Focusing on two hard-hit business districts in Seattle, the study investigates the extent of losses, patterns of disparities, and underlying loss factors. A conceptual framework is proposed of how business vulnerability dimensions contribute to disaster loss. Interviews were conducted with owners and managers of 107 businesses. Data were gathered on impacts, methods of finance, and disaster preparedness. Results showed that business losses were much greater than what standard statistical data would imply. Analysis found that a composite index of vulnerability-based on business sector, size, and building occupancy tenure-provides a very powerful predictor of business loss. Physical damage was a much weaker predictor of loss. Moreover, business recovery was influenced not only by characteristics of the business itself, but also by conditions in the neighborhood.

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Section: Businesses and Disaster Vulnerabilitymentioning

confidence: 98%

Disaster vulnerability of businesses in the 2001 Nisqually earthquake

Chang

Falit-Baiamonte

2002

Environmental Hazards

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“…resistance) and the ability to recover quickly from the damage caused by a hazard (i.e. resilience) (Susman et al 1983, Bogard 1989, Chambers 1989, Anderson & Woodrow 1991, Downing 1991, Watts & Bohle 1993, Blaikie et al 1994, Bohle et al 1994, Chen 1994, Yarnal 1994, Hewitt 1997, Clark et al 1998). This perspective highlights the social construction of vulnerability.…”

Section: Meanings Of Vulnerabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Vulnerability of coastal communities to sea-level rise: a case study of Cape May County, New Jersey, USA

Wu¹,

Yarnal²,

Fisher³

2002

Clim. Res.

338

192

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This study demonstrates how sea-level rise increases the vulnerability of coastal communities to flooding associated with coastal storms. The case study applies a GIS-based methodology to assess the vulnerability of Cape May County, New Jersey, to flood hazards caused by both riverine flooding and coastal storm surges. For storm events of differing intensities, it first identifies areas that will be inundated and how they will change with projected sea-level rise. It then assesses the social vulnerability of the county, taking into account factors such as age, gender, race, income and housing conditions. Finally, it combines physical and social vulnerabilities to create a picture of the county's present overall vulnerability, as well as how this will change with projected sea-level rise. To account for uncertainties in projections, possible ranges of both population growth and sea-level rise are incorporated in low, medium and high scenarios. The results show that sea-level rise will increase the vulnerability of the county to flood hazards considerably by increasing the areas that are exposed to the highest flood risk, hence increasing the number of critical facilities, properties, and people to the risk of flooding. Comparing the upper-and lower-bound scenarios indicates that poorly managed development could increase the county's vulnerability to flooding. These results suggest that decision-makers could reduce vulnerability by making choices that steer development away from highrisk areas.

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“…Our purpose was to test the extent to which vulnerabilities experienced by children before and after natural disasters are associated with particular sets of predictors. Our research can thus contribute to the body of research which indicates that negative and sometimes horrific consequences of natural disasters are neither random nor completely unpreventable [9], [12]; A specific contribution of our work is its focus on the multiple dimensions of vulnerabilities of children, including different measures associated with poverty and with violence. For this reason, we also use adult and household predictors for both outcomes that pertain to pre-earthquake adult and household circumstances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Features of Child Food Insecurity after the 2010 Haiti Earthquake: Results from Longitudinal Random Survey of Households

2014

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BackgroundRecent commentary on the health consequences of natural disasters has suggested a dearth of research on understanding the antecedents prior to the disaster that are associated with health consequences after the disaster. Utilizing data from a two-wave panel survey of Port-au-Prince, Haiti, conducted just prior to and six weeks after the January 2010 earthquake, we test factors prior to the quake hypothesized to be associated with food insecurity after the quake.MethodsUsing random Global Positioning System (GPS) sampling, we re-interviewed 93.1% (N = 1732) of the original 1,800 households interviewed in 2009. Respondents were queried with regard to mortalities, injuries, food security, housing, and other factors after the quake.FindingsChild food insecurity was found to be common on all three indices of food security (17.2%–22.6%). Additionally, only 36.5% of school-aged children were attending school prior to the quake. Findings suggest that prior schooling was associated with a substantial reduction on food insecurity indices (OR 0.62–0.75). Findings further suggest that several household characteristics were associated with food insecurity for children. Prior chronic/acute illnesses, poor living conditions, remittances from abroad, primary respondent mental health, and histories of criminal and other human rights violations committed against family members prior to the quake were associated with food insecurity after the earthquake. Earned household income after the quake was only associated with one of the measures of food insecurity.InterpretationFood insecurity for children was common after the quake. Those households vulnerable on multiple dimensions prior to the quake were also vulnerable to food insecurity after the quake. Remittances from abroad were leading protective factors for food security. Because Haiti is well known for the potentiality of both hurricanes and earthquakes, reconstruction and redevelopment should focus on ameliorating potential vulnerabilities to poor outcomes in these natural disasters.

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Reducing Vulnerability to Drought and Famine: Developmental Approaches to Relief

Cited by 40 publications

References 2 publications

Disaster vulnerability of businesses in the 2001 Nisqually earthquake

Disaster vulnerability of businesses in the 2001 Nisqually earthquake

Vulnerability of coastal communities to sea-level rise: a case study of Cape May County, New Jersey, USA

Features of Child Food Insecurity after the 2010 Haiti Earthquake: Results from Longitudinal Random Survey of Households

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