Reduction and Desulfurization of Petroleum Coke in Ammonia and Their Thermodynamics

Abstract

NH3-reducing desulfurization was demonstrated using a high-sulfur coke calcining desulfurization experiment at 1000 °C, and the sulfur chemical reactions of the three aromaticities of thiophene were studied during desulfurization. Results showed that NH3-reducing desulfurization could significantly remove sulfur in the coke, and the best operation temperature was approximately 800 °C, at which more than 80% of organic sulfur could be removed. The physical and chemical indicators of petroleum coke after desulfurization were not affected. Thermodynamic calculation results showed that the desulfurization reaction was more favorable at higher temperatures. However, the reaction was also affected by other factors; thus, the desulfurization efficiency decreased when the desulfurization temperature exceeded 800 °C. This paper presents a specific explanation of this phenomenon.

Nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus-codoped carbon with a tunable nanostructure as an efficient electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction

“…Particularly, NSP-PC-2 has 9.05 at% N, 0.6 at% S and 1 at% P, while NSP-PC-1 has 3.75 at% N, 4 at% S and 0.1 at% P. The higher N-content and lower S-content in NSP-PC-2 may be attributed to the additional precursor of melamine, which not only provides additional N source but also results in desulfurization to some extent. 57 On the other hand, the higher P content in NSP-PC-2 might be related to the increase of N-doping. As suggested in P 2p spectrum (Fig.…”

Rapid growth of petroleum coke consumption and its related emissions in China

“…High-sulphur petroleum coke not only emits more greenhouse gas/air pollutant emissions, but also produces more sulphur compound wastes compared with desulfurized petroleum cokes. Some desulfurizing technologies should be developed and applied during petroleum coke's production in China [37,38]. What is more, optimizing and improving the industrial processes which use petroleum coke as process martial is also needed, as the non-energy use of petroleum coke also emits greenhouse gases and air pollutants.…”

Optimization of operating conditions in desulfurization of petroleum coke using induction heating

“…Desulfurization of coke breeze is carried out via nonthermal and thermal methods. Some examples of the nonthermal methods are including ammonia-assisted desulfurization, 5 desulfurization by recycling coking oven gas, 6 and blowing additional gas. 7 On the other hand, sulfur loss during calcination of coke samples is typically referred to thermal desulfurization, and it is known that sulfur loss increases as the calcination temperature increases.…”