Reduction in adherence of Actinomyces viscosus after exposure to low‐frequency acoustic energy

Abstract

The ability of low-frequency (200 Hz) acoustic energy to reduce the adherence of Actinomyces viscosus T14V to saliva-treated hydroxyapatite (SHA) disks was studied. An acoustic pressure range between 0 and 65 kPa and exposure durations between 0 and 8 min were used to study the levels necessary to significantly alter adherence. The effects of acoustic exposure on both bacteria in liquid and bacteria already adhering to SHA disks were studied. A modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to assess bacterial adherence. For bacterial suspensions exposed prior to addition to SHA disks, it was found that reductions in adherence were greater for lower bacterial concentrations. Exposure of bacteria already adhering to SHA disks resulted in a decrease in adherence that was independent of the bacterial concentration and linearly related to the logarithm of the exposure duration. In addition to affecting adherence, acoustic energy also dispersed bacterial aggregates. Our results support the concept that low-frequency sonic energy applied orally may be of therapeutic value in reducing adherence and colonization of teeth by plaque bacteria.

Influence of the Sonic Power Toothbrush on Reduction of Gingival inflammation and on the Amount of Interleukin-6, Prevotella intermedia and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in Periodontal Pocket

“…The measurements for 3 selected teeth merely represented the deepest pocketing sites and had the limitations to show the effect for whole dentition however, descriptive statistics in percent change reduction between baseline and 12 week indicated that there was a tendency for the Sonicare group to show greater improvement in CAL than the manual group. The clinical result of this study suggest the superiority in the electric toothbrush group and confirm the findings of Johnson and McInnes [29][30][31] who also compared the ability to remove plaque of Sonicare with the manual group. There are several other studies which are in agreement mentioned above using various kinds of action modes in electric brushes such as counter-rotary brush 23,25) , reciprocating device 25) and circular brush with rotating and oscillating motion 24) .…”

“…The higher the initial amount of DNA, the sooner accumulated product is detected in the PCR process and the lower the CT value 36) . There are some studies considering the ability of the electric toothbrush to remove subgingival bacterial plaque by indirect effect of hydrodynamics 15) suggested that the fluid forces lift and disperse subgingival bacteria which is 3~4mm beyond the mechanical reach of the bristles and in vitro study of McInnes et al [30][31][32] , there had been ideas that structural and metabolic effects on oral bacteria by the low-amplitude acoustic energy might retard the plaque formation. In this study reduction in the amount of the two microorganisms did not show the significant difference and this might be due to the plaque sampling technique which had the limitation in standardization and to associate with wide standard deviation.…”

Control of Dental Plaque

“…Sonic and ultrasonic vibrations are intended to remove plaque beyond the bristle tips, in the interdental regions, and this does occur in vitro. For example, in one study, decreased bacterial viability and adhesion on a titanium surface was demonstrated at a distance of several millimetres beyond the end of the bristles (McInnes et al 1992). Theoretically, bacteria in plaque may be damaged by shear stresses, possibly aided by abrasive particles in toothpaste, resulting in loss of fimbrae, which thus inhibits adhesion.…”

Vibratory stimulus reduces in vitro biofilm formation on tracheoesophageal voice prostheses

“…An as yet unexplored avenue for reducing biofilm formation and accumulation in TEPs is the application of direct mechanical vibration. Multiple reports detail the use of mechanical and acoustical vibration to diminish biofilm accumulation in the oral cavity . Further studies have demonstrated that even without direct contact, bacterial viability and adherence can be decreased with the application of vibration .…”