Reduction in Dietary Calcium/Phosphorus Ratio Reduces Bone Mass and Strength in Ovariectomized Rats Enhancing Bone Turnover

Koshihara, Moyuru; Masuyama, Ritsuko; Uehara, Mariko; Suzuki, Kazuharu

doi:10.1271/bbb.69.1970

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The present study indicated that HP intake additively decreased BMD in the absence of estrogen through stimulating bone resorption activity. Koshihara et al 5 reported that HP intake reduced BMD by increasing bone turnover in OVX rats, which is consistent with our results.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Involvement of estrogen in phosphorus-induced nephrocalcinosis through fibroblast growth factor 23

Takasugi

Shioyama

Kitade

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Excessive phosphorus intake adversely affects bone and mineral metabolism. Estrogen is one of the factors affecting fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), a phosphorus-regulating hormone. However, the interaction between excess phosphorus and estrogen status has not been fully elucidated. This study investigated the involvement of estrogen in the effects of high phosphorus intake on bone metabolism and ectopic calcification in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. The interaction between high phosphorus diet and OVX was not observed in bone mineral density and aortic calcium. In contrast, high phosphorus intake markedly increased renal calcium concentration in sham rats, whereas the effect was attenuated in OVX rats, which was reversed by a selective estrogen-receptor modulator treatment. A strong positive correlation between renal calcium and serum FGF23 was observed. In addition, fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1: a predominant receptor of FGF23) inhibitor treatment partially decreased renal calcium concentrations in rats with high phosphorus intake. In conclusion, the effect of high phosphorus intake on bone metabolism and aortic calcification did not depend on the estrogen status; in contrast, high phosphorus intake synergistically induced nephrocalcinosis in the presence of estrogenic action on the bone. Furthermore, FGF23 was involved in the nephrocalcinosis induced by high phosphorus intake partially through FGFR1 signaling. Phosphorus is one of the nutrients that are more likely to be consumed excessively. According to the NHANES 2005-2006, the mean daily phosphorus intake exceeds the recommended dietary allowance for most age groups 1. Although the phosphorus content of Western diet is increasing because of the increasing use of phosphorus-containing food additives and increasing consumption of processed foods and soft drinks containing these additives 2 , nutrient composition tables do not usually include phosphorus from food additives 3. Therefore, dietary phosphorus intake may have been underestimated 1. Many researchers have reported the adverse effects of excess phosphorus intake. High phosphorus (HP) intake reduces bone mineral density (BMD) in rats 4-6 and adversely affects bone metabolism in humans 7. HP intake induces arterial medial calcification in animal models of chronic kidney disease (CKD) 8,9 and impairs endothelial function in humans 10. An HP diet increases renal calcium concentration and induces high incidence of nephrocalcinosis in rats 11,12. In a prospective cohort of US healthy adults, HP intake is associated with increased mortality 13. Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) is an important regulator of phosphorus homeostasis by inhibiting renal phosphorus reabsorption and decreasing intestinal phosphorus absorption through inhibiting 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH) 2 D] synthesis. Some factors affect FGF23, and one of which is estrogen. An in vitro study reported that estrogen increased mRNA expression and protein levels of FGF23 in osteoblast-like cells 14. Ovariectomy (OVX) decrease...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Involvement of estrogen in phosphorus-induced nephrocalcinosis through fibroblast growth factor 23

Takasugi

Shioyama

Kitade

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Previous studies have indicated that estrogen deficiency induced by ovariectomy in female rats leads to an increase in Ca/P ratios in both tibial and femoral bones. The Ca/P ratio observed in ovariectomized rats is >2.0, whereas healthy female rats show values <2.0 [44][45][46]. Ca/P ratio increment in rats that underwent ovariectomy suggests a negative effect on the balance between bone resorption and bone formation activity [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium Bioavailability of Opuntia ficus-indica Cladodes in an Ovariectomized Rat Model of Postmenopausal Bone Loss

et al. 2020

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Osteoporosis is a disease of the skeletal system characterized by low bone mass and bone weakening, which increase the risk of fracture. This disease is associated with menopause because hypoestrogenism induces the maturation and activation of osteoclasts. In addition, a low dietary intake of calcium leads to low bone mineral density and postmenopausal osteoporosis. The objectives of this work were to determine calcium bioavailability of Opuntia ficus-indica cladodes at a late maturity stage and to assess its contribution in improving bone health in an ovariectomized rat model. Two-month-old Wistar female rats (n = 35) were used and distributed in seven experimental groups: (i) control group (Crtl), (ii) sham group (SH), (iii) ovariectomized group (OVX), (iv) ovariectomized group supplemented with calcium citrate (CCa), (v) ovariectomized group supplemented with O. ficus-indica powder (NI), (vi) ovariectomized group supplemented with soluble fiber from O. ficus-indica (FS) and (vii) ovariectomized group supplemented with insoluble fiber from O. ficus-indica (FI). Our results showed that calcium in the soluble fiber of O. ficus-indica is bioavailable and contributes to improve the physical, densitometric, biomechanical and microstructural properties of bones in ovariectomized rats. These findings indicated that O. ficus-indica cladodes at a late maturity stage represent a good source of bioavailable calcium and consumption of these cladodes might be beneficial for the prevention of osteoporosis and other bone diseases.

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“…Ca, Mg and P are known as major minerals for bone formation and bone mineralization (Koshihara et al, 2005). We analyzed Ca, Mg and P concentration in tissues, such as liver, muscle, kidney, SI and WAT in rats (ZA, PF and ZD).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc deficiency negatively affects alkaline phosphatase and the concentration of Ca, Mg and P in rats

et al. 2007

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Zn is an essential nutrient that is required in humans and animals for many physiological functions, including immune and antioxidant function, growth, and reproduction. The present study evaluated whether Zn deficiency would negatively affect bone-related enzyme, ALP, and other bone-related minerals (Ca, P and Mg) in rats. Thirty Sprague Dawley rats were assigned to one of the three different Zn dietary groups, such as Zn adequate (ZA, 35 mg/kg), pair fed (PF, 35 mg/kg), Zn deficient (ZD, 1 mg/kg) diet, and fed for 10 weeks. Food intake and body weight were measured daily and weekly, respectively. ALP was measured by spectrophotometry and mineral contents were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrophotometer (ICP-MS). Zn deficient rats showed decreased food intake and body weight compared with Zn adequate rats (p<0.05). Zn deficiency reduced ALP activity in blood (RBC, plasma) and the tissues (liver, kidney and small intestine) (p<0.05). Also, Zn deficiency reduced mineral concentrations in rat tissues (Ca for muscle and liver, and Mg for muscle and liver) (p<0.05). The study results imply the requirement of proper Zn nurture for maintaining bone growth and formation.

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Reduction in Dietary Calcium/Phosphorus Ratio Reduces Bone Mass and Strength in Ovariectomized Rats Enhancing Bone Turnover

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Involvement of estrogen in phosphorus-induced nephrocalcinosis through fibroblast growth factor 23

Involvement of estrogen in phosphorus-induced nephrocalcinosis through fibroblast growth factor 23

Calcium Bioavailability of Opuntia ficus-indica Cladodes in an Ovariectomized Rat Model of Postmenopausal Bone Loss

Zinc deficiency negatively affects alkaline phosphatase and the concentration of Ca, Mg and P in rats

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