Reduction in Hydraulic Conductivity in Relation to Clay Dispersion and Disaggregation

Abu‐Sharar, T. M.; Bingham, F. T.; Rhodes, J. D.

doi:10.2136/sssaj1987.03615995005100020060x

Cited by 21 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…While the salt concentration of wastewater is typically moderate (∼1.5 dS m −1 ) and can be applied to land, applications of sodium (Na + )-rich water increase the risk of sodic conditions occurring in the soil profile, degrade soil quality, and limit productivity (Laurenson et al, 2012). The total salinity of irrigation water (measured as electrical conductivity in dS m −1 or electrolyte concentration in mEq L −1 ) can also influence the permeability of a soil and its hydraulic conductivity (HC) (Abusharar et al, 1987;Keren and Singer, 1989). The organic components of winery-wastewater (WW) are effectively reduced by most forms of treatment, whereas salts persist in the water after treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of mineral-ion interactions on soil hydraulic conductivity

Buelow

Steenwerth

Parikh

2015

Agricultural Water Management

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

a b s t r a c tThe reuse of winery wastewater (WW) could provide an alternative water source for vineyard irrigation. The shift of many wineries and other food processing industries to K + -based cleaners requires studies on the effects of K + on soil hydraulic conductivity (HC). Depending on clay content and mineral composition, K + additions can affect the HC either positively or negatively. Soil mineralogy was anticipated to exhibit a strong influence on HC responses and, therefore, soils of contrasting mineralogy were evaluated for changes in soil HC resulting from applications of solutions elevated in Na + and K + . To examine the impact of mineral-ion relationships on HC, soils dominant in montmorillonite, vermiculite, or kaolinite from the Napa and Lodi wine regions of California, were packed into soil columns to observe changes in leachate chemistry and HC. Irrigation with Na + -and K + -rich WW was simulated by applying solutions at sodium absorption ratio (SAR) values of 3, 6, and 9 and potassium absorption ratio (PAR) values of 1, 2, 4, and 9. While HC was reduced in the 2:1 clay soils (montmorillonite and vermiculite) for all SAR treatments, the vermiculite and the kaolinite rich soils exhibited equal or greater reductions in HC for PAR treatments, as compared with the SAR treatments. Findings from this evaluation of the interaction of Na + and K + with three different mineral soils suggest that the reuse of WW with increasing PAR are least problematic for montmorillonite dominated soils and most detrimental to the HC of the vermiculite dominated soil. The presence of minerals with a high affinity for K + (e.g., vermiculite, mica) in this soil suggest that the interlayer binding of K + could lead to greater reductions in HC. Full analysis of soil and WW is recommended prior to all land applications.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of mineral-ion interactions on soil hydraulic conductivity

Buelow

Steenwerth

Parikh

2015

Agricultural Water Management

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This can in turn decrease soil hydraulic conductivity through the reduction of soil structure and the plugging of soil pores by dispersed clay particles (Abu-Sharar et al, 1987;Yousaf et al, 1987;So and Aylmore, 1993). The slaking-dispersion process can be greatly enhanced when the cationic concentration of the antecedent soil pore water is diluted by infiltrating rainfall and/or low-sodium irrigation water (Frenkel et al, 1978;Crescimanno et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field and laboratory approaches for determining sodicity effects on saturated soil hydraulic conductivity

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dilution of high-sodicity soil water by low-sodicity rainfall or irrigation water can cause declining soil hydraulic conductivity (K) by inducing swelling, aggregate slaking and clay particle dispersion. Investigations of sodicity-induced reduction in K are generally restricted to repacked laboratory cores of air-dried and sieved soil that are saturated and equilibrated with sodic solution before tests are conducted. This approach may not yield a complete picture of sodicity effects in the field, however, because of loss of antecedent soil structure, small sample size, detachment of the sample from the soil profile, reliance on chemical equilibrium, and differing time scales between laboratory and field processes. The objectives of this study were to: (i) compare the electrical conductivity (EC), exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) in laboratory cores of intact field soil that had, or had not, undergone prior saturation and equilibration with sodic solution; (ii) compare the pressure infiltrometer (PI) field method with the intact laboratory soil core (SC) method for assessing sodicity effects on saturated soil hydraulic conductivity; and (iii) characterize hydraulic conductivity reduction in a salt-affected sandy loam soil and a salt-affected clay soil in Sicily as a result of diluting high-sodicity soil water with low-sodicity water.In terms of EC, ESP and SAR, quasi-equilibrium between soil and infiltrating solution was attainable in 0.08 m diameter by 0.05 m long laboratory cores of intact clay soil, regardless of whether or not the cores were previously saturated and equilibrated with solutions of SAR=0 or 30. In the sandy loam soil, the PI and SC methods produced statistically equivalent linear reductions in K as a result of diluting increasingly sodic soil water (SAR=0, 10, 20, 30) with deionised water. In the clay soil, the PI method produced no significant correlation between initial soil water SAR and K reduction, while the SC method produced a significant log-linear decline in K with increasing soil water SAR. Sodicity-induced reductions in K ranged from 3-8% (initial soil water SAR=0) to 85-94% (initial soil water SAR=30) in the sandy loam, and from 9-13% (initial soil water SAR=0) to 42-98% (initial soil water SAR=30) in the clay. The reductions in K were caused by aggregate slaking and partial blocking of soil pores by dispersed clay particles, as evidenced by the appearance of suspended clay in the SC effluent during www.elsevier.com/locate/geoderma infiltration of deionised water. As a result, maintenance of K in these two salt-affected soils will likely require procedures to prevent or control the build-up of sodicity. D

show abstract

“…The reasons may be that high sand contents and low clay contents in the 20-30 cm layer (Table 1) may contribute to the high infiltration rate in the 20-30 cm soil layer and infiltration rate in each soil layer did not increase constantly with sand content, which could be impacted by the soil salt content. If there was salt in the soil, the combined effects of the salt content and the soil mechanical composition may result in infiltration rate not fully following consistent regularity (Abu-Sharar et al, 1987;Reading, et al, 2012). Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%