Reduction in respiratory symptoms among cement workers: a follow-up study

Tungu, Alexander Mtemi; Bråtveit, Magne; Mamuya, Simon; Moen, Bente E.

doi:10.1093/occmed/kqu154

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…A study in the cement industry of Central Ethiopia found that workers had a significantly increased likelihood of 1.2 of having chronic respiratory diseases due to not attending OSH training (Mekasha et al, 2018). Not attending training on OSH regarding exposure to respirable dust caused a 2.73 times greater likelihood of developing chronic respiratory symptoms among cement workers (Gizaw et al, 2016), which is consistent with other studies (Ahmed Shafik and Abd El-Mohsen, 2012;Tungu et al, 2014).…”

Section: Hazard Quotient (Hq)supporting

confidence: 85%

“…The use of personal respiratory protection was found to decrease the respiratory health prevalence of cement workers from 65% to 35% (Nordby et al, 2011). Moreover, several studies have found that respiratory health performance has a significant relationship with the effectiveness of PPE (Merenu et al, 2007;Zeleke et al, 2010;Tungu et al, 2014). The risk of exposure to respirable Si, As, and Cr (VI) cement dust can be reduced by 70-86% with the implementation of engineering controls (Lahiri et al, 2005).…”

Section: Hazard Quotient (Hq)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Exposure to Silica, Arsenic, and Chromium (VI) in Cement Workers: A Probability Health Risk Assessment

Kamaludin

Jalaludin

Tamrin

et al. 2020

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Cement mineral dust contains a variety of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic substances. The study aimed to determine the probability of health risk among cement workers due to respirable silica (Si), arsenic (As), and chromium (Cr) VI dust exposure. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 123 cement workers. A personal air sampling pump was used to assess respirable cement dust exposure. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used for As, and Cr analysis, and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) was used for Si analysis. The Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide levels and lung function test were obtained by using NIOX MINO and Chestgraph H1-105 spirometer. Risk assessment was calculated by using the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) and non-cancerous hazard quotient (HQ). The geometric mean and standard deviation of respirable Si and Cr dust concentrations were 5.27 ± 2.36 mg m-3 and 1.53 ± 2.47 mg m-3 , respectively, in manufacturing workers. The mean concentration for As in administrative workers was 0.07 ± 0.02 mg m-3. After controlling for confounders, the abnormalities of FVC% predicted and FEV 1 % predicted were significantly associated with the respirable Si dust among cement workers (OR = 6.913; CI = 1.965-24.322 and OR = 18.320; CI = 3.078-109.027). FENO concentrations in administrative workers were significantly influenced by the exposure to respirable Si dust (R 2 = 0.584, p = 0.006). Manufacturing workers had a high probability of getting cancer due to Si exposure in cement respirable dust at 29.81 × 10-4 times compared to administrative workers at 4.14 × 10-4 times. After reducing for control factors, the probability of manufacturing workers reduced to 0.45 × 10-4 times. As and Cr (VI) dust exposures among cement workers had a probability of cancer risk of 7.49 × 10-4 and 44.09 × 10-4 times, respectively, after reducing for control factors. The non-cancerous disease risk of the workers from exposure to cement mineral dust exceeded the acceptance limit (HQ > 1). Cement workers were at high risk of developing cancerous and non-cancerous diseases due to exposure while working. Cement workers were highly exposed to respirable Si, As, and Cr dust above the permissible exposure limit.

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Section: Hazard Quotient (Hq)supporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Hazard Quotient (Hq)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Silica, Arsenic, and Chromium (VI) in Cement Workers: A Probability Health Risk Assessment

Kamaludin

Jalaludin

Tamrin

et al. 2020

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…In 2015, a 1-year follow-up of respiratory symptoms among 134 Tanzanian cement production workers and 63 controls detected significantly lower prevalence of cough, cough with sputum, dyspnoea and wheeze among exposed workers assessed before and after a campaign promoting the use of personal respiratory protection equipment. 29 There were no changes in symptom prevalence among the controls and total dust exposure levels among exposed workers did not differ between the two time points. In a recent prospective study, we report results from a 4-year follow-up of 4966 employees of 24 cement production plants in 8 countries.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Interestingly, a Tanzanian study from 2015 showed a lower prevalence of respiratory symptoms among exposed workers assessed before and after a campaign promoting the use of personal respiratory protection equipment. 29 That study is important because it assessed the effects of an intervention. It did not, however, include lung function measurements; hence, it is not clear whether improvements in workers' lung function were achieved.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between exposure in the cement production industry and non-malignant respiratory effects: a systematic review

Fell

Nordby

2017

BMJ Open

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ObjectivesBased on findings from a systematic literature search, we present and discuss the evidence for an association between exposure to cement dust and non-malignant respiratory effects in cement production workers.Design and settingSystematic literature searches (MEDLINE and Embase) were performed. Outcomes were restricted to respiratory symptoms, lung function indices, asthma, chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumoconiosis, induced sputum or fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) measurements.ParticipantsThe studies included exposed cement production workers and non-exposed or low-exposed referents.Primary and secondary outcomesThe searches yielded 594 references, and 26 articles were included. Cross-sectional studies show reduced lung function levels at or above 4.5 mg/m3 of total dust and 2.2 mg/m3 of respiratory dust. ORs for symptoms ranged from 1.2 to 4.8, while FEV1/FVC was 1–6% lower in exposed than in controls. Cohort studies reported a high yearly decline in FEV1/FVC ranging from 0.8% to 1.7% for exposed workers. 1 longitudinal study reported airflow limitation at levels of exposure comparable to ∼1 mg/m3 respirable and 3.7–5.4 mg/m3 total dust. A dose–response relationship between exposure and decline in lung function has only been shown in 1 cohort. 2 studies have detected small increases in FeNO levels during a work shift; 1 study reported signs of airway inflammation in induced sputum, whereas another did not detect an increase in hospitalisation rates.ConclusionsLack of power, adjustment for possible confounders and other methodological issues are limitations of many of the included studies. Hence, no firm conclusions can be drawn. There are few longitudinal data, but recent studies report a dose–response relationship between cement production dust exposure and declining lung function indicating a causal relationship, and underlining the need to reduce exposure among workers in this industry.

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“…Tungu et al [24] assessed the prevalence of respiratory symptoms among the 134 exposed workers after 1 year of follow-up following an intervention campaign to improve use of personal protective equipment. They noticed that the prevalence of pulmonary symptoms significantly decreased in the intervention group compared to the previous year [24].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on respiratory problems and pulmonary function indexes among cement industry workers in Mashhad, Iran

Rafeemanesh¹,

Alizadeh²,

Saleh³

et al. 2015

Med Pr

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Background: The respiratory system is the most vulnerable system in the cement industry. This study was conducted to determine the effects of occupational exposure to cement dust on the respiratory system more thoroughly. Material and Methods: In this cross sectional study an interviewer-administered questionnaire on socio-demographic characteristics and respiratory symptoms was completed and pulmonary function tests were carried out on 100 exposed and 120 non-exposed workers at the cement factory in Mashhad, Iran. The data was statistically analyzed by SPSS 16. Results: The mean of age and work duration in the exposed group was 37.5±6.3 and 10.7±5.4 years compared with the non-exposed group that was 36.1±7.1 and 10.1±5.7 years, respectively. Levels of exposure to inhalable cement dust in the exposed group were 23.13 mg/m 3 (higher than national occupational exposure limits for such particles). Among the exposed group, respiratory symptoms as cough (6% vs. 0.8% of the non-exposed) and sputum (7% vs. 0.8% of the nonexposed) were significantly more prevalent (p < 0.05). Forced expiratory flow 25-75% (FEF 25-75% ) was significantly lower in the exposed workers compared with non-exposed ones (p < 0.05). Also forced expiratory volume in 1 s / forced vital capacity (FEV 1 /FVC) and FEF 25-75% had a reverse correlation with the length of employment (p = 0.000 and p = 0.003, respectively). Conclusions: The findings of this study showed that occupational exposure to cement dust could be a significant factor of respiratory system dysfunction. Strict implementation of a respiratory protection program is recommended in cement industries. Med Pr 2015;66(4):471-477

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Reduction in respiratory symptoms among cement workers: a follow-up study

Abstract: The prevalence of respiratory symptoms among cement workers was reduced after 1 year of follow-up following an intervention campaign to improve use of personal protective equipment.

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

Exposure to Silica, Arsenic, and Chromium (VI) in Cement Workers: A Probability Health Risk Assessment

Exposure to Silica, Arsenic, and Chromium (VI) in Cement Workers: A Probability Health Risk Assessment

Association between exposure in the cement production industry and non-malignant respiratory effects: a systematic review

A study on respiratory problems and pulmonary function indexes among cement industry workers in Mashhad, Iran

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