Reduction of Biological Contaminants from Municipal Wastewater by Encapsulated nZVI in Alginate (Ag) Polymer: Reduction Mechanism with Artificial Intelligence Approach

Abstract

Nanotechnology especially Zero Valent metals is a modern technology for the degradation of extensive ranges of biological wastewater contaminants. Due to their effectiveness, economically and safely properties, this study successfully prepared and characterized nanoZero Valent Iron (nZVI) to be encapsulated into natural alginate biopolymer. The effect of operating parameters was studied at different environmental conditions; pH, dose (g/L), contact time (min), stirring rate (rpm), and BOD concentrations. Adsorption isotherm, kinetic studies, and statistical analysis (Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Artificial neural networks (ANNs)) were examined to describe the removal behavior. The obtained results indicated that the maximum removal efficiency was 81.2 % for initial BOD concentration 300 mg/L, at pH 7, using wet dose 3g/L, 25min, and stirring rate 200 rpm. Also, adsorption and kinetic data indicated that the adsorption mechanism runs toward the Sips model to approximate the Freundlich model at low concentration and to solve the Freundlich limitation at high concentration with a maximum adsorption capacity of 181mg/g. Kinetic results describe the solid transformation from one phase to another at a constant temperature by approving Avrami model. Finally, RSM results agree with ANNs results that the “Concentration effect” is the most significant variable that controls the removal efficiency.

Heptachlor Epoxide -Pesticide- Removal from Aqueous Solutions Using Nano Zero Valent Iron: Operating Conditions, Response Surface Methodology, and Artificial Intelligence Neural Networks

“…The diffraction angle (2) was measured in steps of 0.0167° and varied from 5° to 70°. The produced nanoparticles' crystallite size was determined using the Scherrer equation (Equation 3) [30,38,39].…”

“…Finally, the obtained iron nanoparticles were dried in an oven at 80 °C for 150 min. To avoid iron oxidation during storage, a thin layer of ethanol was placed above the iron nanoparticles [29,30].…”

Thermodynamic Equilibrium Kinetics of Sewage Sludge Ash Pellets for the Removal of Methylene Blue (MB) from Aqueous Solutions

“…The analysis of equilibrium data for the adsorption of MB on SSAP has been done according to two isotherm models. Values of all models parameter have been calculated from the curves and listed in the Table (2).…”

“…Water contamination from dyes poses a significant threat to the ecosystem [1][2][3]. As a result, coming up with a unique solution to the problem is crucial [4][5][6].…”