Reduction of blood pressure with calcium and potassium supplementation in children with salt sensitivity: a 2-year double-blinded placebo-controlled trial

Abstract

An investigation of the reductive effect of blood pressure and increment of urinary sodium excretion with calcium and potassium supplementation in children with sodium sensitivity is conducted. In total of 261 school children who had completed a 2-year double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial with calcium and potassium supplementation salt sensitivity, with a salt volume expansion and contraction protocol, was determined. The results showed that in children with salt sensitivity, the increase in blood pressure in the supplementary group was lower by 4.3/4.8 mmHg than that in the placebo group (P<0.05), while no significant change was found between the supplementary group and placebo group in children with nonsalt sensitivity. With calcium and potassium supplementation, the night urinary sodium excretion in children with salt sensitivity was significantly increased (P<0.01), and it is negatively correlated with the increase in blood pressure. It was suggested that a moderate increase of calcium and potassium intake in children with salt sensitivity, through interaction with sodium, can promote urinary sodium excretion and may play contribute to the prevention of hypertension.

Manejo de la hipertensión arterial en niños y adolescentes: recomendaciones de la Sociedad Europea de Hipertensión

“…Si bien se dispone de guías dietéticas específicas, éstas se basan parcialmente en la evidencia [100][101][102] . Entre dichas recomendaciones se propone reducir la ingesta de sal e incrementar la ingesta de potasio en edades tempranas [103][104][105] . Como ya se ha mencionado, en la actualidad se están llevando a cabo distintos ensayos en los que se evalúan diversas modificaciones dietéticas 100,101,104 .…”

“…Entre dichas recomendaciones se propone reducir la ingesta de sal e incrementar la ingesta de potasio en edades tempranas [103][104][105] . Como ya se ha mencionado, en la actualidad se están llevando a cabo distintos ensayos en los que se evalúan diversas modificaciones dietéticas 100,101,104 . En el recuadro 6 se incluyen las recomendaciones relativas al estilo de vida.…”

Plasma Renalase is Not Associated with Blood Pressure and Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity in Chinese Adults With Normal Renal Function

“…In March and April 1987, the cohort of Hanzhong Adolescent Hypertension Study was established on the basis of a baseline survey on 4,623 adolescents aged 6-15 years in over 20 schools in three towns, namely, Qili, Laojun, and Shayan, in Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China [20,21]. Using an isometric sampling method [22], we randomly selected every tenth subject (K = 10) from the large cohort and created a small cohort of 463 subjects.…”

Towards improving the clinical assessment and management of human hypertension: an overview from this Journal

“…30 The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, which is low in saturated and total fat, is additive to other multicomponent lifestyle interventions in reducing BP. 32 The reduction of sodium intake to o100 mmol/ day further enhances the effects of the DASH diet and has a beneficial effect on systolic BP. Indeed, a moderate increase of calcium and potassium intake in children with salt sensitivity, through interaction with sodium, can promote urinary sodium excretion and may contribute to the prevention of hypertension.…”

“…Indeed, a moderate increase of calcium and potassium intake in children with salt sensitivity, through interaction with sodium, can promote urinary sodium excretion and may contribute to the prevention of hypertension. 32 The observation that the relation of salt intake and BP may be mediated via endothelial nitric oxide synthase polymorphism and nitric oxide production is an intriguing one, and merits further study on the relationship of salt to endothelial (dys)function in hypertension. 33 Where are we now in relation to improving the clinical management of human hypertension?…”