Reduction of cannibalism in pike (Esox lucius) fry by isolation of full-sib families

Bry, C.; Gillet, C.

doi:10.1051/rnd:19800111

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The biomasses of young pike recorded during this study (c. 70 kg ha -' at 2 g and 120 kg ha-at 5 g; c. 180 kg ha -' at 10 g, achieved in 7-9 weeks since first feeding) confirm previous data obtained in the same environment but on a more limited time/size scale (Bry & Gillet, 1980;Bry & Souchon, 1982). Th.ese figures are notably higher than those usually reported in the case of extensive culture:…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…In each experimental year, a number of ponds (n= 12 in 1982, 1985 and 1986; n=5 in 1989) were filled with river water in late March or early April. Two weeks later, each pond was stocked with a single family of free embryos of pike (Bry & Gillet, 1980), at the rate of 6 m ~ '. These free embryos were obtained using the spawning and incubation techniques described by Neveu &Bry (1983) andBry et al (1991).…”

Section: General Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early life characteristics of pike, Esox lucius, in rearing ponds: temporal survival pattern and ontogenetic diet shifts

Bry

Bonamy

Manelphe

et al. 1995

Journal of Fish Biology

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Survival, biomass and diet of pike, Esnx lucius, larvae and juveniles were studied over 3 years by stocking free embryos at a density of six fish m ~' in 12 drainable outdoor ponds. The ponds were sequentially drained at six larval/juvenile developmental stages, up to a total length (T.L.) of 139 mm. The mean rate of survival at harvest decreased irregularly over time and the highest mortality rates were recorded during the early larval period (13 to 27 mm T.L.) and two intervals of the juvenile period (46 to 99 mm T.L. and 121 to 139 m m T.L.). Mean biomass increased dramatically between 46mm T.L. (19.8 kg ha-.') and 121 mm T.L. (181.8 kg h a -' ) and stabilized between 121 and 139mm T.L. Sharp increases in the mean weight coefficient of variation were recorded during the early larval period (1 3 to 27 mm T.L.) and between 74 and 121 mm T.L. (development of cannibalism). Diet breadths were relatively narrow in pike larvae and reached maximum levels in 99 mm T.L. juveniles. Average-sized pike exhibited a sequence of six-dependent shifts from a diet composed primarily (in terms of weight) of microcrustaceans (at 13 mm T.L.), to chironomid larvae (at 74 to 99mm T.L.), and finally macrocrustaceans (at 121 to 139 mm T.L.). Cannibalism was detected first among the largest fish at the 74 mm T.L. stage.Between-year diet similarity at various developmental stages was consistently high. In 70mm T.L. fish harvested from different ponds, we found significant among-pond differences in diet composition; however, similar trends of diet changes in relation to fish size were observed from pond to pond. Our results are discussed in light of existing knowledge of young pike trophic ecology and current aquaculture practices.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: General Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early life characteristics of pike, Esox lucius, in rearing ponds: temporal survival pattern and ontogenetic diet shifts

Bry

Bonamy

Manelphe

et al. 1995

Journal of Fish Biology

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“…In April 1988, the ponds were simultaneously filled with river water and stocked 2 weeks later with pike free embryos originating from a single female (Bry & Gillet 1980) and obtained as previously described (Bry et al 1991). In order to determine the effect of initial density on cannibalism intensity, 8 ponds were stocked at the rate of 6 free embryos m-* (i.e.…”

Section: Generalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of sibling cannibalism among pike, Esox lucius, juveniles reared under semi-natural conditions

et al. 1992

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SynopsisSibling cannibalism in pike, Esox lucks, larvae and juveniles living in outdoor rearing ponds was studied using stomach contents analysis. For the two initial densities tested (6 and 18 larvae rnm2, equivalent to 12 and 36 larvae mm3), cannibalism was non-existent during the larval period (13 to 35 mm total length) and was observed only during the juvenile stages. Initial density of larvae influenced both the date of first detection of cannibalistic individuals and the rate of development of cannibalism in the population. At initial stocking densities of 18 larvae mM2 (36 larvae m-"), cannibalism was observed from 21 days after the start of exogenous feeding (mean total length: 60mm) onwards. At a mean total length of 100mm and for initial stocking densities of 6 and 18 larvae mm2 (12 and 36 larvae me3), the average proportions of cannibals in the populations of juveniles were 7.8% and 41.3% and the cannibals accounted for 15.5% and 65.9% of the total pike biomass, respectively. In stomachs of cannibals, young pike were the dominant prey in terms of weight. Dry weights of invertebrate-prey were lower in cannibals than in non-cannibals of similar size. Cannibalism among pike juveniles was characterized by the prey being swallowed whole and head first in the vast majority of cases. There was a strong positive correlation between predator and prey size and the mouth size of a cannibal was found to be an important constraint determining maximum victim size. The overall mean ratio of pike prey length to pike cannibal length was 66.2% and the average ratio of prey head depth to predator mouth width amounted to 87.6%. Prey size selection could be demonstrated for several length-groups of cannibals. These results are compared with the characteristics of early cannibalism in other fish species.

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“…Such a small natural population of 0+ year pike is often present in lakes undergoing restoration with 0+ year pike stockings. The importance of these concerns is emphasized by several studies that find cannibalism to be an important mortality agent especially in 0+ year pike populations (Bry & Gillet, 1980; Giles et al ., 1986; Wright & Giles, 1987; Skov et al ., 2003 b ). Therefore, fine‐tuning the exact time of stocking in relation to prey availability and the natural recruitment of pike could be crucial for the survival of stocked pike and the success of the biomanipulation measures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Otolith‐based analysis of survival and size‐selective mortality of stocked 0+ year pike related to time of stocking

Grønkjær

Skov²,

Berg³

2004

Journal of Fish Biology

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The effect of time of stocking on the extent and source of mortality in 0þ year pike Esox lucius was investigated in a lake (20 ha) and a drainable pond (0Á5 ha) using pike with alizarin marked otoliths. The results indicated that pike stocked late relative to the recruitment of native 0þ year pike fell victim to cannibalism from these larger individuals. This resulted in very low survival through the first growing season (<2%). Pike stocked early in the season exhibited significantly higher survival (>12%). Analyses of the size distribution of the alizarin marks from these fish revealed that the largest 0þ year pike exhibited by a factor of 3Á3, higher survival than the average 0þ year pike in the lake. In order for large 0þ year pike to exhibit such high relative fitness a minimum of 69Á7% of the original population must suffer size dependent mortality. In the pond the survival of the largest pike was by a factor of 4Á2 higher than the average pike, and the corresponding size dependent mortality was 76Á4%. The substantial size-dependent mortality was most probably due to intra-cohort cannibalism or habitat segregation between large and small 0þ year pike that exposes the small pike to predatory fishes in the open lake. Cannibalism exerts a major influence on the survival of 0þ year pike post-stocking although the magnitude and origin differ in relation to stocking time. # 2004 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles

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Reduction of cannibalism in pike (Esox lucius) fry by isolation of full-sib families

Cited by 23 publications

References 11 publications

Early life characteristics of pike, Esox lucius, in rearing ponds: temporal survival pattern and ontogenetic diet shifts

Early life characteristics of pike, Esox lucius, in rearing ponds: temporal survival pattern and ontogenetic diet shifts

Analysis of sibling cannibalism among pike, Esox lucius, juveniles reared under semi-natural conditions

Otolith‐based analysis of survival and size‐selective mortality of stocked 0+ year pike related to time of stocking

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