Reduction of dioxin emission on start up and shut down at batch-operational MSW incineration plant

Tejima, Hajime; Karatsu, Y.; Kawashima, M.; Sakai, Shin-ichi; Honda, Tomonori

doi:10.1016/0045-6535(93)90301-k

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Benestad et al (1990) measured emissions of PAH, PCDDs, PCDFs, bicyclic compounds and other polycyclic organic compounds that were ten times higher during start-up and shut down than during normal operation. Tejima et al (1993) checked dioxins' emissions from batchoperated MSWI at the exit of the ESP and found 80 ng Nm -3 (TEQ) during normal operation, 340 ng Nm -3 (TEQ) at start-up, and 120 ng Nm -3 (TEQ) at shut-down, respectively. In Japan, 1500 incineration plants out of 1900 were operating intermittently, with furnaces starting up and shutting down every day.…”

Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dioxins from medical waste incineration: Normal operation and transient conditions

et al. 2015

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Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) are key pollutants in waste incineration. At present, incinerator managers and official supervisors focus only on emissions evolving during steady-state operation. Yet, these emissions may considerably be raised during periods of poor combustion, plant shutdown, and especially when starting-up from cold. Until now there were no data on transient emissions from medical (or hospital) waste incineration (MWI). However, MWI is reputed to engender higher emissions than those from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI). The emission levels in this study recorded for shutdown and start-up, however, were significantly higher: 483 ± 184 ng Nm(-3) (1.47 ± 0.17 ng I-TEQ Nm(-3)) for shutdown and 735 ng Nm(-3) (7.73 ng I-TEQ Nm(-3)) for start-up conditions, respectively. Thus, the average (I-TEQ) concentration during shutdown is 2.6 (3.8) times higher than the average concentration during normal operation, and the average (I-TEQ) concentration during start-up is 4.0 (almost 20) times higher. So monitoring should cover the entire incineration cycle, including start-up, operation and shutdown, rather than optimised operation only. This suggestion is important for medical waste incinerators, as these facilities frequently start up and shut down, because of their small size, or of lacking waste supply. Forthcoming operation should shift towards much longer operating cycles, i.e., a single weekly start-up and shutdown.

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Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dioxins from medical waste incineration: Normal operation and transient conditions

et al. 2015

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“…In recent years, composting process has gained wide attention as an effective and environmental friendly method for food waste treatment, as opposed to incineration which leads to the production of toxic compounds such as dioxins, and low heat efficiency due to its high moisture content (Gotoh 1987;Hiraoka et al 1992;Matsui et al 2003;Tejima et al 1993). In many countries such as Japan and Korea, mechanized and automated equipment for onsite composting are commercially available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial community and decomposition rate in long term fed-batch composting using woodchip and Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as bulking agents

Nagao

Watanabe

Osa

et al. 2007

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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Long term fed-batch composting experiments were conducted for 200 days using two types of bulking agents; woodchip and PET flake, with periodic compost withdrawal through a washing process. The bacterial communities of composting materials in the two different bulking agents were also investigated by 16S rRNA gene clone analysis. The decomposition rate in both composting reactors was 86.1% and 88.2% of the total organic load, respectively. The control experiment of dead-end operation without compost withdrawal by washing process could not be maintained for more than 102 days because of its low performance. The reactor with compost withdrawal, however, improved the decomposition rate in the composting process, and could be applied in the long run. There was a significant difference in the bacterial community between the FBC reactor with woodchip and another with PET flake as the bulking agent though the decomposition rates were similar. The reactor with woodchip as the bulking agent consisted of 95% Bacillales while the PET flake reactor contained 54% of total bacteria count. In addition, Lactobacillales was dominant at 38% in the PET flake reactor and the bacterial community in general significantly differed from the woodchip reactor. Furthermore, there was a difference in the species composition in the Bacillales and the bacterial community showed a significant difference at the species level between the two reactors. Although bacterial community differed, the decomposition rates between the two reactors were similar and PET flake showed greater viability than woodchip as a bulking agent due to its high abrasion resistance and non-biodegradability.

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Budget and Source Inventories

Eduljee¹

2001

Persistent Organic Pollutants

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Reduction of dioxin emission on start up and shut down at batch-operational MSW incineration plant

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Dioxins from medical waste incineration: Normal operation and transient conditions

Dioxins from medical waste incineration: Normal operation and transient conditions

Bacterial community and decomposition rate in long term fed-batch composting using woodchip and Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as bulking agents

Budget and Source Inventories

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