Reduction of Early Fruit Abscission by Main-branch-girdling in Macadamia Is Related to the Favorable Status of Carbohydrates and Endogenous Hormones

Yang, Wei Hai; Lu, Chao Zhong; Chen, Wei; Xu, Huan Yu

doi:10.21273/hortsci16175-21

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…ABA has the primary and critical role in plants' developmental and physiological activities, including seed dormancy [228], tumor cell maintenance, stomatal opening, embryo morphogenesis, and fat and stored protein production. Abscisic acid affects the expression of protein-coding genes [229]. ABA is also required for root development and structural changes in nitrogen-deficient plants.…”

Section: Abscise Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plants’ Physio-Biochemical and Phyto-Hormonal Responses to Alleviate the Adverse Effects of Drought Stress: A Comprehensive Review

Wahab

Abdi

Saleem

et al. 2022

Plants

249

103

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Water, a necessary component of cell protoplasm, plays an essential role in supporting life on Earth; nevertheless, extreme changes in climatic conditions limit water availability, causing numerous issues, such as the current water-scarce regimes in many regions of the biome. This review aims to collect data from various published studies in the literature to understand and critically analyze plants’ morphological, growth, yield, and physio-biochemical responses to drought stress and their potential to modulate and nullify the damaging effects of drought stress via activating natural physiological and biochemical mechanisms. In addition, the review described current breakthroughs in understanding how plant hormones influence drought stress responses and phytohormonal interaction through signaling under water stress regimes. The information for this review was systematically gathered from different global search engines and the scientific literature databases Science Direct, including Google Scholar, Web of Science, related studies, published books, and articles. Drought stress is a significant obstacle to meeting food demand for the world’s constantly growing population. Plants cope with stress regimes through changes to cellular osmotic potential, water potential, and activation of natural defense systems in the form of antioxidant enzymes and accumulation of osmolytes including proteins, proline, glycine betaine, phenolic compounds, and soluble sugars. Phytohormones modulate developmental processes and signaling networks, which aid in acclimating plants to biotic and abiotic challenges and, consequently, their survival. Significant progress has been made for jasmonates, salicylic acid, and ethylene in identifying important components and understanding their roles in plant responses to abiotic stress. Other plant hormones, such as abscisic acid, auxin, gibberellic acid, brassinosteroids, and peptide hormones, have been linked to plant defense signaling pathways in various ways.

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Section: Abscise Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plants’ Physio-Biochemical and Phyto-Hormonal Responses to Alleviate the Adverse Effects of Drought Stress: A Comprehensive Review

Wahab

Abdi

Saleem

et al. 2022

Plants

249

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It plays a primary and critical role in developmental and physiological activities, including seed dormancy, maintenance of tumor cells, stomatal opening, embryo morphogenesis, and the production of fats and stored proteins. ABA influences the expression of protein-coding genes [ 180 ]. It is also required for root development and structural changes in nitrogen-deficient plants.…”

Section: Exogenous Hormonal Regulation In Enhancing Vegetable Drought...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought Stress Tolerance in Vegetables: The Functional Role of Structural Features, Key Gene Pathways, and Exogenous Hormones

Abbas,

Li,

Gong

et al. 2023

IJMS

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The deleterious effects of drought stress have led to a significant decline in vegetable production, ultimately affecting food security. After sensing drought stress signals, vegetables prompt multifaceted response measures, eventually leading to changes in internal cell structure and external morphology. Among them, it is important to highlight that the changes, including changes in physiological metabolism, signal transduction, key genes, and hormone regulation, significantly influence drought stress tolerance in vegetables. This article elaborates on vegetable stress tolerance, focusing on structural adaptations, key genes, drought stress signaling transduction pathways, osmotic adjustments, and antioxidants. At the same time, the mechanisms of exogenous hormones such as abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), and ethylene (ET) toward improving the adaptive drought tolerance of vegetables were also reviewed. These insights can enhance the understanding of vegetable drought tolerance, supporting vegetable tolerance enhancement by cultivation technology improvements under changing climatic conditions, which provides theoretical support and technical reference for innovative vegetable stress tolerance breeding and food security.

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“…Many experiments on the fruit abscission induced by starvation stress, such as tree shading [14][15][16], defoliation [17], and girdling plus defoliation [18,19], revealed that the decreased glucose, fructose, and sucrose contents in fruit were associated closely with fruit drop. An increase in available carbohydrates for the rapidly developing fruits lessened immature fruit abscission in macadamia [20,21]. Furthermore, a decrease in total soluble sugar and sucrose in pedicel was also related to fruit abscission [11,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carbohydrate starvation stress induced upregulated expressions of ABA biosynthesis genes (NCED and AAO) in pericarp and the abscission zone (AZ), which led to ABA accumulation and resulted in fruit drop [16,19,27]. In macadamia, main-branch girdling [21] and raceme soaking with CPPU [20] treatments alleviated early fruit drop by increasing the IAA, GA 3 , and ZR (a type of CTK) contents and decreasing the ABA level in fruitlet. However, information is currently limited concerning the link between hormonal signals and macadamia fruit abscission under starvation stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes of Fruit Abscission and Carbohydrates, Hormones, Related Gene Expression in the Fruit and Pedicel of Macadamia under Starvation Stress

Yang

Xiang

2022

Horticulturae

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In order toexplore the regulation mechanism of macadamia fruitlet abscission induced by ‘starvation stress’, a treatment of girdling and defoliation was applied to the bearing shoots of macadamia cultivar ‘H2’ at the early stage of fruit development, simulating the starvation stress induced by interrupting carbon supply to fruit. The levels of carbohydrates, hormones, and related gene expression in the different tissues (husk, seed, and pedicel) were investigated after treatment. The results showed that a severe fruit drop occurred 3~5 d after starvation stress treatment. The contents of glucose, fructose, and sucrose in both the husk and the seed were significantly decreased, as well as the fructose and sucrose in the pedicel; this large reduction occurred prior to the massive fruit shedding. Starvation stress significantly reduced the GA3 and ZR contents and enhanced the ABA level in the pedicel and the seed, whereas it did not obviously change these hormones in the husk. After treatment, IAA content decreased considerably in both the husk and seed but increased remarkably in the pedicel. In the husk, the expression of genes related to sugar metabolism and signaling (NI, HXK2, TPS, and TPP), as well as the biosynthesis of ethylene (ACO2 and ACS) and ABA (NCED1.1 and AAO3), was significantly upregulated by starvation stress, as well as the stress-responsive transcription factors (AP2/ERF, HD-ZIP12, bZIP124, and ABI5), whereas the BG gene associated with ABA accumulation and the early auxin-responsive genes (Aux/IAA22 and GH3.9) were considerably suppressed during the period of massive fruit abscission. Similar changes in the expression of all genes occurred in the pedicel, except for NI and AP2/ERF, the expression of which was significantly upregulated during the early stage of fruit shedding and downregulated during the period of severe fruit drop. These results suggest that complicated crosstalk among the sugar, IAA, and ABA signaling may be related to macadamia fruitlet abscission induced by carbohydrate starvation.

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Reduction of Early Fruit Abscission by Main-branch-girdling in Macadamia Is Related to the Favorable Status of Carbohydrates and Endogenous Hormones

Cited by 7 publications

References 60 publications

Plants’ Physio-Biochemical and Phyto-Hormonal Responses to Alleviate the Adverse Effects of Drought Stress: A Comprehensive Review

Plants’ Physio-Biochemical and Phyto-Hormonal Responses to Alleviate the Adverse Effects of Drought Stress: A Comprehensive Review

Drought Stress Tolerance in Vegetables: The Functional Role of Structural Features, Key Gene Pathways, and Exogenous Hormones

Changes of Fruit Abscission and Carbohydrates, Hormones, Related Gene Expression in the Fruit and Pedicel of Macadamia under Starvation Stress

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