Reduction of energy demand via conservation voltage reduction considering network reconfiguration and soft open point

Abstract

Summary Reduction in greenhouse gases and electricity is a major concern of developing countries in the present scenario. Therefore, energy demand reduction through conservation voltage reduction (CVR) scheme can play a prominent role in such concerns because a major share of energy demand in developing countries is still met by conventional coal/fuel‐based power plants. Moreover, it does not require the participation of consumers to achieve energy saving, unlike in demand side management. Therefore, in this paper, a coordinated scheme comprising multiple voltage‐regulated devices such as on‐load tap changer (OLTC) transformer and switched capacitor banks (SCBs) including distribution network reconfiguration (DNR) operation for CVR has been proposed with minimum operating cost in distribution system. In addition, the impact of a flexible power electronic device called soft open point (SOP) has been investigated during CVR operation. The objective function of the proposed coordinated CVR scheme is to minimize the operating cost, which include the energy demand cost, switching operating cost of OLTC, SCBs, and remote‐controlled switches (RCSs), carbon emission cost, and operating and maintenance costs of SOP, while satisfying the system operational constraints. Further, the impact of high penetration of photovoltaic (PV) distributed generation on the proposed coordinated scheme has been studied. Besides, local reactive power voltage (Q‐V) control strategy of the SOP inverter has been proposed to mitigate voltage violations during cloudy day conditions. The present optimization problem has been solved using modified binary grey wolf optimization (MBGWO) algorithm. The performance of the proposed scheme has also been verified considering the forecast errors in PV generation and load demand. The proposed coordinated CVR scheme has been implemented on a modified 69‐bus distribution system. The test results demonstrate the significance of the coordinated scheme for the minimization of daily operating cost. The comparative study reveals that the combined impacts of CVR, DNR, and SOP are more beneficial than that of either CVR, DNR, or SOP operation.

Substation demand reduction by CVR enabled intelligent PV inverter control functions in distribution systems

“…The number of switching operations per phase is constrained to the maximum no. of operations by Equation (24).…”

“…To overcome the voltage fluctuations occurring due to the intermittent nature of PV generation, Pamshetti et al 23 proposed optimal coordination of VV through PV inverters and conventional VVC devices. In Refs., 24,25 the combined impact of VVC and network reconfiguration on active distribution networks has studied in the presence of CVR. Here, a significant impact on the daily operating cost of the system observed.…”

Embedded electronic system for evaluation of photovoltaic modules based on a current-voltage curve tracer

“…The number of modules used in a photovoltaic system depends on its generation capacity. In the process of assembling photovoltaic systems, to avoid damaging them, it is necessary to carry out a visual inspection, start-up tests, performance evaluation and subsequent periodic maintenance of the photovoltaic system (mainly in the case of large or complex installations) [6], [7]. Photovoltaic systems go through performance tests related to irradiance values and temperature, which are carried out under certain climatic conditions so as not to affect current and voltage measurements [8], [9].…”

Decomposition-Coordination-Based Voltage Control for High Photovoltaic-Penetrated Distribution Networks under Cloud-Edge Collaborative Architecture

“…e applications of photovoltaics (PVs) in distribution networks are an effective approach to deal with the carbon emissions and pollution problems of traditional fossil fuels [1,2]. However, the uncertain PV outputs also have posed a serious challenge to the voltage stability in highly penetrated scenarios [3].…”