Reduction of hyperactive behavior by conditioning procedures alone and combined with methylphenidate (Ritalin)

Christensen, Donald E.; Sprague, Robert L.

doi:10.1016/0005-7967(73)90012-0

Cited by 55 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…These results suggests the possibility that for these 2 participants, methylphenidate facilitated learning of the behavioral contingencies. Although a facilitative effect of methylphenidate on learning behavioral contingencies has been suggested by others (Christensen & Sprague, 1973), it has not been clearly demonstrated. This explanation for the results of our study must be regarded as tentative, because this study was not designed to investigate this hypothesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Separate and Combined Effects of Methylphenidate and a Behavioral Intervention on Disruptive Behavior in Children With Mental Retardation

Blum¹,

Mauk²,

McComas³

et al. 1996

J of App Behav Analysis

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We investigated the separate and combined effects of a behavioral intervention and methylphenidate (Ritalin) on disruptive behavior and task engagement in 3 children with severe to profound mental retardation. The behavioral intervention involved differential reinforcement of appropriate behavior and guided compliance. All 3 children demonstrated decreased disruptive behavior and improved task engagement in response to the behavioral intervention. Two of the 3 children demonstrated similar improvement in response to methylphenidate. Although both interventions were highly effective for these 2 participants, the relative efficacy of the interventions varied between the 2 children. There was no evidence of an additive or synergistic effect of the two interventions, but the high efficacy of each intervention alone limited our ability to detect such effects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Separate and Combined Effects of Methylphenidate and a Behavioral Intervention on Disruptive Behavior in Children With Mental Retardation

Blum¹,

Mauk²,

McComas³

et al. 1996

J of App Behav Analysis

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“…This device yields a score for seat movements made by the child while completing a given task. All but one (Christensen, 1975) of the studies which used the device reported significant reductions in seat movement activity during stimulant drug treatment Ghristensen and Sprague, 1973;Sprague et al, 1970;Sprague and Sleator, 1973;Sroufe et al, 1973;Werry and Aman, 1975). However, in a study in which hyperactive children were required to sit in a ballistograph chair (McConnell ei al, 1964), no drug effects on this type of seat activity were observed.…”

Section: Matching Familiar Figures Test and The Early Childhood Familmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Stimulant Drug Research With Hyperactive Children

Barkley

1977

Child Psychology Psychiatry

487

183

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SUMMARY A number of studies using stimulant drugs with hyperactive children are reviewed. Results indicated that most children are judged as improved on the drugs while a small percentage are not. Although most side effects are transitory, suppressed weight and height gain may remain problematic throughout treatment. The drugs appear to energize the central nervous system of these children while increasing their ability to concentrate without responding impulsively. Changes in other abilities are occasionally observed but appear to result from improvement in attentional processes. In contrast, follow‐up studies find the long‐term psycho‐social adjustment of these children to be essentially unaffected by stimulant drug treatment.

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“…In a very closely related study, Christensen investigated the effects of both behavior modification procedures and methylphenidate on the hyperactivity level of emotionally disturbed boys in an experimental classroom situation. 18 The main findings of this study are shown in was obtained, indicating that placebo subjects were significantly more active than the drug subjects.…”

Section: Behavioral Approaches To Treating Hyperactivitymentioning

confidence: 58%