Reduction of Insect Infestation and Fungal Infection by Cultural Practice in Date Gardens

Warner, Robert L.; Barnes, Μ. Μ.; Laird, E. F.

doi:10.1093/ee/19.5.1618

Cited by 25 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Because a complex of nitidulid species occurs in the study areas, we also had an opportunity to look for cross-attraction to the C. hemipterus pheromone. The major reported species in California date gardens include C. mutilatus Erichson, C. (Urophorlls) humeralis (F.), and Hapton-GUS lllteollls Erichson (Lindgren & Vincent 1953, Warner et al 1990). (Before its redescription by Dobson [1954], C. mlltilatus was confused with C. dimidiatus [F.].)…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of Carpophilus hemipterus (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) and Other Sap Beetles to the Pheromone of C. hemipterus and Host-Related Coattractants in California Field Tests

Bartelt

Dowd

Vetter

et al. 1992

Environmental Entomology

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The aggregation pheromone of Carpophilus hemiptenls (L.), previously isolated and identified using wind-tunnel bioassays, was field tested in California. A 4-d preliminary study in plantings of figs and stone fruits was followed by long-term studies in a date garden (12 mo) and a stone fruit orchard (11 wk). The pheromone was most effective in combination with host-related coattractants such as fermenting whole wheat bread dough or fermenting fig juice. In the date garden, for example, traps baited with pheromone plus bread dough caught an overall mean of 1,152 C. hemipterus, but those baited with only the pheromone or dough caught only 23 and 3 per trap, respectively. A semisynthetic volatile mixture of methanol, methyl butyrate, propanal, and apple cider vinegar was nearly as effective as fermenting dough as a coattractant and is a practical, longerlasting alternative to dough. The pheromone was formulated on rubber septa, which were replaced every 2 wk. There was a 45% decrease in trap catch due to aging of septa from wk 1 to wk 2, but the septa retained activity into the second week despite daily maximum temperatures >40°C. In the date garden, peak response to the traps occurred during June (65% of the total catch), although temperatures were favorable for beetle flight throughout most of the year. In all experiments, both sexes responded similarly. Four other nitidulid species responded significantly to the pheromone ofC. hemiptenls: C. mutilatus Erichson, C. lugubris Murray, C. obsoletus Erichson, and C. (Urophonls) humeralis (F.). Two other nitidulid species in the study plots, C. freemalli Dobson and HaptollCtls luteolus (Erichson), responded poorly or not at all to the pheromone.

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confidence: 99%

Responses of Carpophilus hemipterus (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) and Other Sap Beetles to the Pheromone of C. hemipterus and Host-Related Coattractants in California Field Tests

Bartelt

Dowd

Vetter

et al. 1992

Environmental Entomology

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“…Flood irrigation can result in additional pest pressure due to the presence of standing water but can also reduce pest pressure by hastening the decomposition of fallen dates, which can harbor insect pests. Orchard sanitation is important in pest control in dates, as are good management practices in general (Davies and Mauk 1997 ;Warner et al 1990a ).…”

Section: Cultivation Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Date Palm Status and Perspective in the United States

Krueger

2015

Date Palm Genetic Resources and Utilization

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The date industry in the United States is small in comparison with that of many other date-producing countries. The United States has no indigenous date palm ( Phoenix dactylifera L.) germplasm, so the industry developed using imported cultivars in the early years of the twentieth century. Due to its specifi c climatic requirements, date production in the United States is confi ned to the low-elevation desert areas in California and Arizona. Date production has centered in the Coachella Valley of Riverside County, California, but has recently expanded into the Bard Valley of Imperial County, California, and Yuma County, California. The dominant cultivar is Deglet Noor but recent plantings are primarily Medjool, and this is becoming the dominant economic cultivar. The US industry is highly mechanized compared to the date industry in most other countries. The primary use of dates produced in the United States is for fresh consumption, but small amounts of processed products are also produced. Production practices, handling, and research activities are also discussed.

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“…Le taux d'infestation moyen des différentes palmeraies a atteint 16,8 % en 1997 contre 3,16 % seulement en 1998 ; cette différence pourrait être due aux pluies plus abondantes enregistrées au cours de la maturation des dattes de la miaoût à la mi-novembre de l'année 1997, par rapport à celles mesurées à la même époque de l'année suivante ( figure 5). En effet, les pluies estivales favoriseraient l'infestation des dattes [17] et une période humide prolongée, constituée de plusieurs averses légères aptes à entretenir une hygrométrie élevée, serait plus propice aux dégâts qu'une abondante précipitation suivie d'un temps sec avec vent chaud, assurant un bon ressuyage du sol. L'infestation aurait donc été moins importante en 1998 en raison d'un été plus sec.…”

Section: Facteur Hygrométriqueunclassified

La pyrale des dattes dans la région de Tafilalet au Sud-Est du Maroc

Bouka¹,

Chemseddine²,

Abbassi³

et al. 2001

Fruits

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The date moth in the area of Tafilalet in the southeast of Morocco.Abstract -Introduction. Various moth species can attack date fruit. This pest causes up to 30% date yield loss in Morocco. This study set out to identify the date moth species and their parasitoids, by specifying their relative importance, and to indicate the factors governing the date infestation. Materials and methods. Surveys were conducted during the years 1997 and 1998 in 16 sites distributed in the main Tafilalet palm groves. Samplings were carried out on date bunches and on dates fallen on the ground. The infested fruit number was counted and placed in hatchers until the moth adult and their parasitoid exited. Results and discussion. Three moth species are able to develop on the date fruit in the field with different incidences. The main pest is Ectomyelois ceratoniae. Plodia interpunctella and Ephestia figulilella are secondary pests. The date infestation varies from one year to another, rainy years supporting the moth swarm. The damage caused by the moth depends on the date palm variety. The Bou feggous early variety with a thin epidermis is more subject to infestations. The bunch sacked allowed reduction of the date infestation. E. ceratoniae populations can be also limited by two parasitoids: Phanerotoma ocuralis on the bunch and Bracon hebetor in the fallen date. Conclusion. The application of some cultivation techniques could help farmers to significantly reduce the infestation of dates in the field. Morocco / Phoenix dactylifera / insect control / parasitoids / identification / pest resistance La pyrale des dattes dans la région de Tafilalet au Sud-Est du Maroc.Résumé -Introduction. Diverses espèces de pyrales peuvent s'attaquer aux dattes. Ce ravageur cause jusqu'à 30 % de pertes parmi les récoltes de dattes au Maroc. L'étude présentée a cherché à identifier les espèces de pyrales des dattes et leurs parasitoïdes, en précisant leurs importances relatives, et à dégager les facteurs influençant l'infestation des dattes. Matériel et méthodes. Des prospections ont été menées durant les années 1997 et 1998 dans 16 sites répartis dans les principales palmeraies de la région de Tafilalet. Des échantillonnages ont été effectués sur régimes et sur dattes tombées au sol. Les fruits infestés ont été dénombrés puis placés dans des éclosoirs jusqu'à la sortie des adultes des pyrales et de leurs parasitoïdes. Résultats et discussion. Trois espèces de pyrales peuvent se développer sur les dattes au champ avec des incidences différentes. Le principal ravageur est Ectomyelois ceratoniae. En revanche, Plodia interpunctella et Ephestia figulilella sont des déprédateurs secondaires. L'infestation des dattes varie d'une année à l'autre, les années humides favorisant la pullulation de la pyrale. Les dégâts dus à la pyrale ont varié selon la variété de palmier dattier : la variété Bou feggous à dattes de maturité précoce et à épiderme fin a été la plus vulnérable à l'attaque de la pyrale. L'ensachage des régimes permet de réduire notablement l'infestatio...

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Reduction of Insect Infestation and Fungal Infection by Cultural Practice in Date Gardens

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Responses of Carpophilus hemipterus (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) and Other Sap Beetles to the Pheromone of C. hemipterus and Host-Related Coattractants in California Field Tests

Responses of Carpophilus hemipterus (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) and Other Sap Beetles to the Pheromone of C. hemipterus and Host-Related Coattractants in California Field Tests

Date Palm Status and Perspective in the United States

La pyrale des dattes dans la région de Tafilalet au Sud-Est du Maroc

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