Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides From Gas Turbines by Steam Injection

Dibelius, N. R.; Hilt, M. B.; Johnson, R.H.

doi:10.1115/71-gt-58

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Also, the top of the combustion chamber body is tapped and welded with a thread nut for 10 mm diameter for 4 holes, the distance between each hole to the other is around 20 cm and those holes used as measured points. In the fourth hole is connected with a small T-90-degree pipe with diameter 1 cm and length 40 cm to be the measuring point (11) for the exhaust flue gas analyzer probe. The other holes are used for exhaust gas temperature recording, water injection hole (8) at the fuel nozzle fuel tips, one hole as a spare (9) and the last hole for the flue gas exhaust measuring point (10) to record the NOx [20].…”

Section: Fig 1 Schematic Of the Experimental Test Rigmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Study of Direct Water Injection Effect on NOx Reduction from The Gas Fuel

Kotob

Wahid

2020

ARFMTS

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Direct Water Injection (DWI) is commonly used in many nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions control applications due to its effect to reduce the adiabatic flame temperature. In this paper an experimental test rig is designed to study the effect of water injection spray inside a simulated gas turbine combustor from the gas fuel. The practical work introduced by the chemical reaction methodology followed by the experiment which was presented and discussed carefully. Results are obtained in term of the exhaust gas temperature and different injection parameters including position, direction and fuel mass flow rate on the nitrogen oxide emission value in PPM (Parts per Million) at different conditions. The results showed that the best water injection effect was obtained at 45° degree inside the primary air zone. Injection location has a major effect on the NOx reduction as the best injected location is the Primary air zone compared with the direct fuel nozzle tip due to the increase of the water droplets residence time inside the combustor and perform a vortex that will affect the reduction of exhaust gas temperature and NOx emission respectively. The huge impact was observed at LPG (Liquefied Petroleum gas) flowrate 2.7L/min and water to fuel ratio about 0.4 as the NOx value was decreased about 73% from almost 381 PPM to 73 PPM. The chemical reaction arrangement order methodology presented good agreement with the experimental results at different fuel flow rate and equivalence ratio. The chemical Reaction equations were implemented to calculate the different adiabatic flame temperatures which is experimentally known as the exhaust gas temperature and impacted directly the NOx emission results.

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Section: Fig 1 Schematic Of the Experimental Test Rigmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The other method is a direct water injection in the gas turbine combustor. Studies showed that with the water injection at the rate of 0.4 of the total air flows, up to 50% of NOx emission can be reduced [11]. The other important point is the proper water injection location and direction [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study of Direct Water Injection Effect on NOx Reduction from The Gas Fuel

Kotob

Wahid

2020

ARFMTS

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“…Furthermore, the injected steam has been used to cool the gas turbine medium, increasing the total efficiency by approximately 2-3%. 12,13 For water injection, theoretical and experimental results included the computational model values, showing that with 15% water addition in the combustion air, the NOx value was reduced from 15 to 7-8 parts per million, considering the same exhaust temperature owing to the decrease of the oxygen atom concentration. 14 In addition, with water and steam injections, the power output increased from 39 to 43 MW and the NOx emission level decreased from 150 to 73 ppm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%