Reduction of Odorants in Swine Manure by Carbohydrate and Bacterial Amendments

Abstract

Malodors from pig manure storage pits are a problem lacking a cost-efficient solution particularly for small pig (Sus domestica) farms. The objective of this study was to reduce emissions of noxious odorants by changing the conditions in the pig manure to favor an altered microbial community. Sugars (maltose, lactose, and saccharose), carbohydrate-rich waste (maltose syrup and wheat flour), and bacterial amendments (Lactobacillus plantarum and L. amylophilus) were tested for their effect on manure pH, bacterial community, and gaseous emissions. In laboratory experiments, a permanent pH reduction was achieved with all carbohydrates when added to a 5% final concentration. Maltose significantly decreased emissions of sulfur-containing compounds, whereas bacterial amendments had little effect on odorants. Lactobacilli were found in manure receiving carbohydrate amendments alone, but Clostridiales, Bacteroidetes, and Enterobacteriaceae were observed in all treatments (including the control). At the mesocosm (60 L) level, maltose syrup and wheat flour amendments caused clear pH reductions in manure, whereas L. plantarum and L. amylophilus had no additional effect. The addition of maltose syrup and wheat flour to a manure storage pit (600 m(3)) lowered the pH slightly. When the manure was spread onto the fields, the observed reduction in odor was found to be reversible, and the release of malodors was delayed rather than eliminated. We conclude that these methods require further development to produce a reliable technical application.

Repeated measurements of in vitro fermentation of fibre‐rich substrates using large intestinal microbiota of sows

“…Inclusion of dietary fibre also can lead to a shift in N excretion from manure, which means from easy degradable urine urea to a more stable form of N in faecal microbial protein. This shift in N excretion can result in reduced ammonia emissions and therefore less environmental pollution , …”

Reduction of Methane Emission during Slurry Storage by the Addition of Effective Microorganisms and Excessive Carbon Source from Brewing Sugar

“…Further, promoting microbially mediated self‐acidification of animal slurry via the addition of organic substances is not well explored. Although the benefits of adding organic substances have been demonstrated for ammonia emission and odor control in slurry (Clemens et al, 2002; Nykanen et al, 2010), their effect on CH 4 emissions has not been reported.…”

Using bio-manipulation to optimise nutrient management within intensive farm systems

“…In order to reduce NH3 emissions, biological additives seek to promote the metabolism of N in combination with the decomposition of OM, and then to stabilise N as organic N compounds within biomass in slurry, rather than remaining as NH3 to be volatilised (Wheeler et al, 2011). To control odour emission, a number of biological additives have been developed that seek to reduce the production, or to increase the degradation, of odorous volatile compounds (Nykänen et al, 2010). It has been observed that odorous compounds are produced under anaerobic conditions within slurry, mainly by Clostridium and Eubacterium spp.…”

“…that favour high pH (Zhu, 2000). Therefore, lowering slurry pH and adjusting the conditions during slurry storage to favour lactic acid bacteria should avoid conditions under which anaerobic bacteria release odorous compounds (Nykänen et al, 2010). Further, the use of aeration to influence the bacterial community in slurry, mainly composed of Bacillus spp.…”