Reduction of perchlorate ion on ruthenium electrodes in aqueous solutions

Nitrate reduction on tin-modified rhodium, ruthenium, and iridium electrodes

“…However, this reduction was much slower at room temperature. On Rh(1 0 0) and polycrystalline Ru electrodes, the new peak appeared at a potential in the hydrogen wave region after the potential scan to negative potentials [32,34]. It was believed that perchlorate was also reduced on these electrodes.…”

“…The perchlorate reduction on high surface area Ru and Pt electrodes was evidenced by the formation of Cl À in the solution at high temperature [32,33]. However, this reduction was much slower at room temperature.…”

“…It was reported that perchlorate is reduced on noble metal electrodes [32][33][34]. The perchlorate reduction on high surface area Ru and Pt electrodes was evidenced by the formation of Cl À in the solution at high temperature [32,33].…”

On the stability of perchlorate ions against reductive attacks in electrochemical systems and in the environment

“…However, evidence for the occurrence of the reduction process has been reported for Rh [1][2][3][4][5], Pt [6][7][8][9], WC [10], Al [11], Ti [12], Ir [13], Ru [14], Re [15], Tc [16], and Sn [17] electrodes. A survey of the literature can be found in recent reviews [18][19][20][21].…”

“…− reduction on Ir [13] and Ru [14] conveyed the warning to be cautious with noble metal electrodes when using HClO 4 supporting electrolyte, most electrochemists in their various studies [58][59][60] carried out in the presence of HClO 4 supporting electrolyte ignored the possible complications that should be ascribed to the occurrence of a reduction process involving 4 ClO − .…”