Reduction of phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations following calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide additions to hypereutrophic Figure Eight Lake, Alberta

1. North Halfmoon Lake and Lofty Lake (Alberta, Canada) were chosen for whole‐lake liming experiments as a new restoration technology to enhance calcite precipitation and reduce eutrophication. During a 3‐year study (1991–93) the relationships between zooplankton and phytoplankton were assessed, together with the effects of lime additions. 2. Zooplankton communities were numerically dominated by rotifers, while the major contribution to biomass was due to large filter‐feeding Daphnia during the first half of the summer season. In Lofty Lake, cladocerans made up to 93% of biomass, whereas in North Halfmoon Lake both cladocerans and calanoids were strongly represented. 3. Total zooplankton and cladoceran biomasses were inversely correlated with chlorophyll a (chl a). The same relationship was found between large Daphnia (≥ 1 mm) and chl a. These relationships suggest that the decline in Daphnia may have been caused by an increase in cyanobacteria biomass during bloom events. 4. There were minor changes in rotifer populations after liming; however, these changes have been caused by natural year‐to‐year variation rather than liming. In general, cladocerans showed an increase in body size and population biomass when pre and post‐treatment data were compared by means of ANCOVA. Statistical analysis showed that there were more cladocerans per unit of chl a after liming; however, further research is needed to relate these patterns unambiguously to the application of lime as a restoration technology.

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“…1988 ). Successful lime treatment has been conducted in eutrophic hardwater lakes ( Prepas et al . 1990 ;Proft & Stutter 1993;Babin et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between zooplankton community structure and phytoplankton in two lime‐treated eutrophic hardwater lakes

et al. 1998

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“…BACKGROUND: Lime (CaCO 3 and Ca(OH) 2 ) application has been used primarily as a lake rehabilitation technique for limiting algal growth by controlling phosphorus availability in the water column and its release from the sediment (Prepas et al 1990). At supersaturated concentrations, calcium co-precipitates with phosphorus and settles from the water column.…”

Section: Purposementioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Experimental Effects of Lime Application on Aquatic Macrophytes: 1. Growth Response Versus Concentration

James¹,

Eakin²,

Barko³

2005

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PURPOSE:The research reported herein investigated the effects of a range of lime (as calcium hydroxide; Ca(OH) 2 ) dosage levels on the growth of Sago pondweed in outdoor experimental mesocosms.BACKGROUND: Lime (CaCO 3 and Ca(OH) 2 ) application has been used primarily as a lake rehabilitation technique for limiting algal growth by controlling phosphorus availability in the water column and its release from the sediment (Prepas et al. 1990). At supersaturated concentrations, calcium co-precipitates with phosphorus and settles from the water column. As a deposited layer on the sediment, it can adsorb additional phosphorus (at pH > 8), preventing it from diffusing into the water column for algal uptake. More recently, researchers have found that lime additions can suppress submersed macrophyte growth as well (Babin et al. 1992. However, the mode of growth suppression, dosage levels, and exposure time requirements are not entirely known. Since lime application drives the pH upward, it may stress macrophyte metabolic activities by inducing inorganic carbon limitation for photosynthesis in hardwater systems. Lime additions to aquatic systems at varying concentrations have not resulted in clear macrophyte community responses. For instance, single dosages of lime at modest concentration levels (<110 mg Ca L-) to hardwater lakes were accompanied by control of macrophyte biomass (species) for over a year ). However, Chambers et al. (2001) indicated that exposure time, in addition to concentration, might be important in the control of macrophytes in aquatic systems located in the Canadian Great Plains. These findings suggest that lime application may be a very promising technique for integrated control of both macrophyte and algal production in eutrophic hardwater systems. More information is needed regarding the mode of action, dosage requirements, and impacts on different aquatic macrophyte species in order to develop sound integrated management and control strategies using lime.

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“…[11][12][13]25,26] The calcite and Fe oxide in ocher prevents the liberation of phosphate. The sorption of phosphate onto calcium can retain phosphate within sediment.…”

Section: Reprintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3] In order to minimize the impact of sediment phosphate (P), many researchers have studied the mechanism of P release and treatment method for control. [11][12][13] Fly ash containing a large percentage of lime has been used to control the release of phosphate from sediments. [7] Moore and Reddy [8] evaluated the effects of Eh and pH on P solubility in lake sediments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retardation of Phosphate Release from Freshwater Benthic Sediments by Application of Ocher Pellets with Calcium Nitrate

Park

2004

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A

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This article presents an in situ treatment method for retardation of phosphate release from freshwater benthic sediments. The method is based on the addition of ocher pellets into benthic sediments. The pellets consist of ocher and calcium nitrate (OCN pellet). The OCN pellet slowly releases calcium and nitrate, together with ocher, into the sediment water interface, where all three components play an important role in reducing phosphate release from sediments. Each component was applied to sediments to examine the individual effects in this study. Bench scale experiments were performed with the following treatments: (1) ocher, (2) calcium, (3) nitrate, (4) calcium nitrate, (5) calcium nitrate and ocher, and 6) no treatment. The sediment without any treatment released a phosphate flux of 10.82 mg/m2/d. The sediment with ocher, calcium, and nitrate treatments, released phosphate fluxes of 8.41, 6.41, and 0.95 mg/m2/d, respectively. This can be attributed to the fact that nitrate, acting as an electron acceptor of organic matter degradation, prevents the dissolution of phosphate bound to iron oxides. In addition, calcium and ocher can bind the dissolved phosphate. An increase of pH together with nitrate reduction helps the calcium bind to phosphate. Ocher also can act as a vehicle to bring the calcium nitrate from the water surface to the bottom. The proposed method has two major advantages compared to previous methods: (1) effective reduction of phosphate release due to the synergism of calcium, nitrate, and ocher; and (2) ease of use in natural systems, in such manner that the OCN pellets can be simply scattered over the water surface.

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Reduction of phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations following calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide additions to hypereutrophic Figure Eight Lake, Alberta

Cited by 46 publications

References 20 publications

Relationships between zooplankton community structure and phytoplankton in two lime‐treated eutrophic hardwater lakes

Relationships between zooplankton community structure and phytoplankton in two lime‐treated eutrophic hardwater lakes

Experimental Effects of Lime Application on Aquatic Macrophytes: 1. Growth Response Versus Concentration

Retardation of Phosphate Release from Freshwater Benthic Sediments by Application of Ocher Pellets with Calcium Nitrate

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