Reduction of primary energy and CO2 emissions through selection and environmental evaluation of building materials

Estokova, Adriana; Porhincak, Milan

doi:10.1134/s0040579512060085

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Eštoková and Porhinčák [8] compared conventional materials to the alternative materials of a building construction project. This study revealed that the substitution of alternative materials affected the emission levels.…”

Section: Emissions Reduction In Constructionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where α2 = the relative coefficient of the reduction Option 2 (expressed in a percentage of OC) αR2 = the representative coefficient; FC = fuel consumption per hauling trip (given that the fuel consumption of a truck = 0.245 L/km) RD = the recommended hauling distance (km) OD = the practical hauling distance (km) p = eco-cost of GHGs -CO2eq = 0.176 (USD/kg) T = number of hauling trips b = the saving hauling distance (km) (or RD -OD). Equation (8) shows that the α2 is derived from the emission rate of diesel at 2.711 kgCO2eq/L (as recommended by IPCC [47]), the different hauling distance, and the fuel consumption of the hauling trucks. Equation (9) is a simplified form of Eq.…”

Section: Option 2 -Materials Sources Locationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several actions, depending on the characteristics of the construction works, have been carried out to alleviate this issue. For example, some building construction projects have attempted to deal with such emissions by focusing on inventing and innovating construction materials that consume less energy and/or produce less emission than conventional materials [8]. Road construction projects have also been carried out using more efficient management of energy, materials, and equipment consumptions [9,10] and replaced dated models of machinery by newer ones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Incentive Contracts for Road Construction to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Metham¹,

Benjaoran²

2018

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Road constructions play a significant role in greenhouse gas (GHG) release into the atmosphere due to a large amount of materials consumption. To reduce emission has an effect on project costs. This research proposes an incentive measure named the Construction-Emission-Punishment (CEP) bidding method which offers emission reduction options and incentives for participating bidders. An equivalent bid price and a financial penalty will be specified in the construction contract as a part of this method. This penalty is applied when there is a failure to comply with binding obligations. The results show that the rates of the emission deduction from the six reduction options account for 0.115%-2.768% of the project cost. The case study also shows that a bidder who receives some emission deductions can be the winner. The effectiveness of the CEP method depends on the bid price gaps among the bidders and the emission deduction from the selected options.

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Section: Emissions Reduction In Constructionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Option 2 -Materials Sources Locationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incentive Contracts for Road Construction to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Metham¹,

Benjaoran²

2018

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“…Construction-related studies primarily examine the whole building or single building components and compare the wood case with other construction materials such as concrete, brick, stone, steel, aluminum, and synthetic polymers [126][127][128][129][130][131][132][133]. The comparison of different wood treatments, e.g., by means of copper, zinc, boron, or chromium [95,134,135], or different designs [85,92,136] represents a central research approach in some studies.…”

Section: Characterization Of the Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Indicators for the Evaluation of Wood Products in Consideration of Site-Dependent Aspects: A Review and Integrated Approach

2017

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On the way towards a more biobased economy, the sustainable use of global wood resources remains a challenge as several trade-offs arise, e.g., from an increased energetic use of wood, an increased use of innovative but probably less recyclable wood composites, or from the need to conserve other forest ecosystem services. The aim of this study is to identify existing environmental indicators and methods for an evaluation of the sustainability of wood products in consideration of all life cycle stages, site-dependent aspects and later use in corporate decision-making. We chose a systematic literature review to answer the research questions explicitly and comprehensively. Qualitative content analysis was used to code indicators and scientific methods according to the Pressure-State-Response (PSR) framework. The sample (N = 118) is characterized by a high number of life cycle assessment (LCA) case studies. In 51% of all studies, the study authors use a combination of different methods. A total of 78 indicators and 20 site-dependent aspects could be identified in the sample. The study findings represent a first step towards a holistic environmental assessment of wood products.

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“…A comparative study of the LCAs of different wooden and mineral buildings and methods for calculating substitution factors at the building level has shown that there is a positive potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions when using wooden building materials instead of mineral materials [6]. In addition to building-wide LCA studies, many LCA analyses focused on specific building systems, material options and environmental technologies [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] and found that concrete is the largest contributor in all impact categories except abiotic depletion; with wall systems, floors and foundations they also make a significant contribution to the environmental burden. An overall LCA comparison of the two houses (wooden and brick) showed that materials for the construction of wooden houses have a less negative impact on the environment than materials for the construction of brick houses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Assessment and Indoor Environmental Quality of Wooden Family Houses

et al. 2020

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This article analyzes in detail the impact of wooden houses on the environment using the life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology and at the same time evaluates the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) in these houses. The investigated detached family houses had a wooden structure. The first one had a bearing system made of a wooden frame; other materials were conventional. The second house was built entirely of log wood. Given the high risk of greenhouse gas emissions, the concentration of which in the atmosphere is causing global climate change, the global warming potential (GWP) indicator is crucial. According to results, the family house built entirely of wood and with a biomass boiler significantly reduces CO2 emissions and is therefore considered from the LCA point of view as a more suitable alternative compared to a house with a wooden frame structure. The building materials with the highest share involved in the creation of GWP include concrete structures (38–48%), ceramic roof tiles (33%) and plasterboard (15%). Plasterboard cladding (55%), concrete structures (17–19%), oriented strand board OSB (9–22%), impregnated wooden structures (31–52%) and plastic windows (9%) are the most involved in acidification potential (AP) and eutrophication potential (EP). Plasterboard structures (21%), impregnated wood materials (47.4%), reinforced concrete structures (12%) and mineral wool and roof tiles significantly contribute to the creation of photochemical ozone creation potential (POCP) and ozone depletion potential (ODP). The indoor environmental quality was evaluated through short-term measurements of basic physico-chemical parameters. Since both houses have different characteristics, the aim of this monitoring was to evaluate the actual state of IEQ in selected wooden houses under real conditions. Based on the recorded results, it can be stated that neither presented wooden house, in terms of thermal-humidity microclimate, concentration of CO2 and particulate matter, represents an environment with a negative impact on their occupants. With regards to volatile organic compounds (VOCs), the increased concentrations of xylenes and tetrachlorethylene in the log house were probably caused by the application of impregnation and protective coatings six months before monitoring. In this case, the concentration of tetrachloroethene, which is considered a potential carcinogen, was six times higher than the legislative limit. For VOCs, such as limonene, isobutylene and n-butylacetate, which were found in the wooden frame house, no limits are set. The legislative limits for xylenes and tetrachlorethylene in this house have not been exceeded, and therefore the IEQ cannot yet be considered harmful for health. The presence of all the mentioned VOCs in the interior air of the wooden frame house is more related to the activities of occupants, as this house has been inhabited for several years.

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Reduction of primary energy and CO2 emissions through selection and environmental evaluation of building materials

Cited by 15 publications

References 18 publications

Incentive Contracts for Road Construction to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Incentive Contracts for Road Construction to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Environmental Indicators for the Evaluation of Wood Products in Consideration of Site-Dependent Aspects: A Review and Integrated Approach

Life Cycle Assessment and Indoor Environmental Quality of Wooden Family Houses

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