Reduction of relative centrifugal forces increases growth factor release within solid platelet-rich-fibrin (PRF)-based matrices: a proof of concept of LSCC (low speed centrifugation concept)

Abstract

Moreover, platelets were located homogenously throughout the matrix in the A-PRF and A-PRF+ groups, whereas platelets in PRF were primarily observed within the lower portion. Discussion the present results show an increase growthfactor release by decreased RCF. However, further studies must be conducted to examine the extent to which enhancing the amount and the rate of released growth factors influence wound healing and biomaterial-based tissue regeneration. Conclusion These outcomes accentuate the fact that with a reduction of RCF according to the previously LSCC (described low speed centrifugation concept), growth factor release can be increased in leukocytes and platelets within the solid PRF matrices.

Effects of L‐PRF and A‐PRF+ on periodontal fibroblasts in in vitro wound healing experiments

“…PDGF and VEGF promote the chemotaxis of macrophages and can indeed favor the migration of fibroblasts. Similar results are reported by El Bagdadi et al and Masuki et al, who observed also an enhanced proliferation of human periosteal cells for the A‐PRF + stimulated cultures. Our results are in agreement with the aforementioned research groups.…”

“…A more recently adapted protocol (A‐PRF+) makes use of a centrifugation step using a lower g‐force (and 33% reduced time which is also of influence). The latter protocol has been demonstrated to give a higher and more evenly distributed number of platelets throughout the fibrin matrix, but a lower number of leukocytes, although more evenly dispersed in the matrix …”

“…Studies showed that the A‐PRF + preparation resulted in a higher number of platelets and leukocytes in the fibrin mesh, more widespread in the material. The generated A‐PRF + fibrin matrix showed a more porous structure, allowing more space for trapped platelets and immune cells and therefore a higher and more sustained release of growth factors, compared with L‐PRF . In contrast, other recent investigations showed different results, reporting better histological and mechanical characteristics in favor of L‐PRF .…”

Standardization of relative centrifugal forces in studies related to platelet‐rich fibrin

“…Various research groups have continued to misrepresent RCF values with little detail provided on the rotor sizes, rotor angulation, tube sizes and/or manufacturer of the centrifugation system and this article aims to define a guideline for future studies reporting RCF values in studies related to PRF . One of the confusions that has been created in the field over the years is that various research groups may report RCF values at the PRF clot (referred to as RCF‐clot; location at which the PRF clot is formed), whereas others have reported RCF values either at the minimum or maximum of centrifugation tubes (referred to as RCF‐min or RCF‐max). This article aims to clarify these misunderstandings and proposes that a consensus be reached regarding more accurate means to report g‐force values in future studies investigating PRF.…”

Distribution of platelets, transforming growth factor‐β1, platelet‐derived growth factor‐BB, vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloprotease‐9 in advanced platelet‐rich fibrin and concentrated growth factor matrices

“…We have compared the mechanical and degradation properties of advanced PRF (A‐PRF) and concentrated growth factors (CGF) and found no statistically significant differences . The current main topic in the comparison of PRF is their abilities to retain and release growth factors . In some studies, an A‐PRF matrix prepared by low‐speed centrifugation has been demonstrated to be superior to a CGF matrix prepared by high‐speed centrifugation.…”